Chromene suppresses the activation of inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells |
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| Institution: | 1. Global Bioresources Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Ansan 426-744, Republic of Korea;2. Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute (JBRI), Jeju TECHNOPARK (JTP), Jeju 699-943, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea;4. Pediatric Oncology Experimental Therapeutics Investigators Consortium (POETIC) Laboratory for Pre-Clinical and Drug Discovery Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;5. Marine Bio Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-140, Republic of Korea;1. Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Republic of Korea;2. South Sea Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea;4. Fishery and Ocean Information Division, NFRDI, Republic of Korea;5. Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Mipyeongro 386, Yeosu 550-749, Republic of Korea;1. Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Republic of Korea;2. South Sea Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea;4. Pukyung National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea;5. National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705, Republic of Korea;6. Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeju 690-140, Republic of Korea;1. Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Ansan 426-744, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea;3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea;4. Genetics & Breeding Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Geoje 656-842, Republic of Korea;5. Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;2. Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63333, Republic of Korea;3. Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research & Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea;4. Korea MouseMetabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil YaCancer and Diabetes Institute, 7-45, Songdodong, Yeonsugu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea;5. Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101-gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon, Republic of Korea;1. Arctic Research Center, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea;2. South Sea Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Inflammation is complex process involving a variety of immune cells that defend the body from harmful stimuli. However, pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators can also exacerbate diseases such as cancer. The aim of this study was to identify a natural effective remedy for inflammation. We isolated a functional algal chromene compound from Sargassum siliquastrum, named sargachromanol D (SD). We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of SD on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-exposed RAW 264.7 cells by measuring cell viability, cytotoxicity, and production of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. SD inhibited production of NO and PGE2 from LPS-induced cells by preventing the expression of inflammatory mediators such as iNOS and COX-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Concurrently, levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were reduced with increasing concentrations of SD. In addition, SD inhibited the activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathways in a concentration-dependent manner. These results indicate that SD inhibits LPS-stimulated inflammation by inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPKs pathways in macrophages. |
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| Keywords: | Anti-inflammation Inflammatory mediators Pro-inflammatory cytokines Chromene |
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