In vivo effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) on innate immune responses of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) |
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| Institution: | 1. Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada;2. Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada;3. Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada;4. Département des sciences animales, Faculté des sciences de l''agriculture et de l''alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada;5. Département de biomédecine vétérinaire, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada;1. Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;2. School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China;3. Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria;4. Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most important members of Fusarium toxins since it often can be found in relevant concentrations in animal feeds. The effects of this group of toxins on fish are mostly unknown. The present study shows results from a feeding trial with carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) using three different concentrations of DON (352 μg kg?1, 619 μg kg?1, and 953 μg kg?1 final feed, respectively) which are comparable to levels found in commercial fish feeds. Effects on growth and mass of fish were not observed during this 6 weeks lasting experiment. Only marginal DON concentrations were found in muscle and plasma samples. Blood parameters were not influenced although smaller erythrocytes occurred in fish treated with 352 μg kg?1 DON. Analysis of antioxidative enzymes in erythrocytes showed increased superoxid dismutase and catalase activities in fish fed the low-dose feed. Immunosuppressive effects of DON were confirmed whereby cytotoxic effects on immune cells only partly explained the impairment of innate immune responses. Exact polarization of the immune system into pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory responses due to DON exposure should be clarified in further experiments, especially since the current results raise concern about impaired immune function in fish raised in aquaculture. |
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| Keywords: | Mycotoxin Haematology Immune system Aquaculture |
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