Protective effect of dietary flaxseed oil on arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage in rat kidney |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India;2. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India;1. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;2. Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA;3. Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA;4. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan;1. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Taiwan;2. Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaoshiung, Taiwan;3. Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan;4. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan;5. Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Life Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology and Center for General Education, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan;6. Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;7. Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan;8. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan;9. Occupational Safety, Health, and Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan;1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India;2. DST-INSPIRE Faculty, Cell Biology & Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India;3. SVKMs Mithibai College, Bhakti Vedanta Marg, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India;1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India;2. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, J. N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India |
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| Abstract: | Arsenic, a naturally occurring metalloid, is capable of causing acute renal failure as well as chronic renal insufficiency. Arsenic is known to exert its toxicity through oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Flaxseed, richest plant based dietary source of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and lignans have shown numerous health benefits. Present study investigates the protective effect of flaxseed oil (FXO) on sodium arsenate (NaAs) induced renal damage. Rats prefed with experimental diets (Normal/FXO diet) for 14 days, were administered NaAs (20 mg/kg body weight i.p.) once daily for 4 days while still on the experimental diets. NaAs nephrotoxicity was characterized by increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Administration of NaAs led to a significant decline in the specific activities of brush border membrane (BBM) enzymes both in kidney tissue homogenates and in the isolated membrane vesicles. Lipid peroxidation and total sulfhydryl groups were altered upon NaAs treatment, indicating the generation of oxidative stress. NaAs also decreased the activities of metabolic enzymes and antioxidant defence system. Histopathological studies supported the biochemical findings showing extensive damage to the kidney by NaAs. In contrast, dietary supplementation of FXO prior to and alongwith NaAs treatment significantly attenuated the NaAs-induced changes. |
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| Keywords: | Carbohydrate metabolism Brush border membrane Sodium arsenate Flaxseed oil Nephrotoxicity Oxidative stress |
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