无为县儿童麻疹、白喉、脊灰抗体水平调查

目的了解无为县儿童麻疹、白喉、脊灰免疫水平,为制定相关免疫策略和防治措施提供科学的依据。方法从2004年已接受接种率调查的30个行政村中,随机抽取1992～2003年出生儿童42名。酶联免疫吸附试验检测IgG抗体,间接血凝法检测血清中白喉抗体含量,微量组织培养法检测脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体。结果麻疹抗体阳性率平均为93.2%,抗体几何平均浓度为973.30 IU/ml。白喉抗体阳性率平均为57.8%,白喉抗体几何平均浓度为0.1845 IU/ml,随着年龄增长抗体浓度逐渐降低,在应加强免疫的年龄没有出现白喉抗毒素抗体预计的高峰,白百破疫苗基础免疫接种率均高于95%,而相应年龄抗体的阳性率却均低于66%。脊灰Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型中和抗体阳性率分别为97.2%,98.8%,93.2%;脊灰Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型中和抗体几何平均滴度分别为1：77.75、1：83.40、1：39.09。结论麻疹抗体总体保持在较高水平。儿童白喉的保护水平较低,儿童白百破疫苗的接种率不能客观反映儿童白喉的免疫状况,如何提高儿童白喉的免疫水平,是免疫规划近期亟待解决的问题。儿童脊灰中和抗体保持在较高水平。

Investigation on Measles Diphtheria and Polio Antibody Levels among Children in Wuwei County

Objective To understand antibody levels of EPI targeted diseases in healthy children and provide data for drawing up immunization strategies and preventive and control measures. Methods We randomly selected 10 villages from 30 villages with 42 children involved who were born between 1992 and 2003. We used ELISA quantitative method to test IgG of measles. ELISA quantitative method was used to test IgG of diphtheria antitoxin. Micro - tissue culture method was used to test Poho neutralized antibody （ Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ ）. Results Investigated average positive rate of measles antibody was 93. 2%, The GMC was 973.30 IU/ml. The positive rate of diphtheria antitoxin was only 57.8 % with the highest as 65.7% and lowest as 42.3 %. Geometric mean concentrations（GMC） was only 0. 1845 IU/ml with a trend of decrease when age was increasing. The positive rate of diphtheria antitoxin was only 57.8 % with the highest as 65.7% and lowest as 42.3 %. Geometric mean concentrations （ GMC ） was only 0. 1845 IU/ml with a trend of decrease when age was increasing. There was no GMC peak seen in children who were at the age of boosting, as expected. Positive rates of children born between 2001 and 2003 were lower than 65 % while the diphtheria - pertussis - tetanus （DPT） vaccine coverage rates were all higher than 95%. The positive rates were 97.2% for polio Ⅰ, 98.8% for polio Ⅱ,93.2% for polio Ⅲ and GMT were 1 ： 77.75, 1：83.40, 1：39.09 for polioⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲrespectively. Conclusions Positive rates of measles in investigated children were lower than 95% which is the target of china measles elimination initiation. The GMC of them was generally high. Children had a low level of antibody against diphtheria. The coverage rate of DPT vaccine did not necessarily reflect the immunity against diphtheria, suggesting that the increase of immunity against diphtheria was an urgent task to be taken care of. Rates of neutralized antibodies of polio were generally high in investigated children, These results indicated that a constant protection against poliomyelitis in healthy population in the county had been established.