Successful Treatment of Pure Red Cell Aplasia with Rituximab in Patients after ABO-Compatible Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation |
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| Authors: | Sung-Hoon Jung Jae-Sook Ahn Deok-Hwan Yang Hyung Chul Park Soo-Young Bae Yeo-Kyeoung Kim Hyeoung-Joon Kim Je-Jung Lee |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been mostly reported in situations involving major ABO incompatibility between donor and recipient. Conventional treatments such as plasma exchange, erythropoietin, and steroid are often unsatisfactory. Rituximab has been reported to be highly effective for PRCA following major ABO-incompatible allogeneic HSCT. A 49-year-old woman with PRCA following ABO-matched allogeneic HSCT for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, refractory to erythropoietin treatment, received 4 doses of rituximab 375 mg/m2 weekly. After the 3rd dose of rituximab, she exhibited a striking rise in her reticulocyte count with an increase in her hemoglobin level. To our knowledge, this is the first case of PRCA following major ABO-compatible allogeneic HSCT resolving completely after rituximab treatment.Key words: Pure red cell aplasia, Allogeneic stem cell transplantation, Rituximab, ABO compatibility |
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