斑马鱼骨质疏松模型的研究应用

骨质疏松症是由骨合成代谢和分解代谢之间的平衡改变引起的代谢性骨病,随着我国人口老龄化社会的到来以及不健康生活方式等因素的影响,骨质疏松症患病率呈增加趋势。导致骨质疏松症的病因多种多样,涉及到多种关键的生物学途径等。常用的几种骨质疏松症动物模型,都需要很长的时间来评估药物效果,耗时这一特征成为新药研发的主要障碍。斑马鱼是一种脊椎动物,非常适合于骨相关药物的研发实验,因为它具有许多特殊的优点,例如胚胎透明、骨骼发育快、鳞片再生快、与人类相关基因和信号通路高度同源等,这些是哺乳动物模型所没有的特征,近年来已被成功应用于骨质疏松的模型建立中。在实验中斑马鱼具有样品用量少、筛选快、准确率高、实验耗时短等优势,在药物活性成分或天然产物化合物的筛选等方面都具有显著优势,在骨质疏松防治新药研发中有良好的应用前景。本文将对骨质疏松症的研究现状、斑马鱼骨质疏松模型的建立及其应用进行综述,以便为骨质疏松症发病机制及抗骨质疏松症药物研究提供新的思路和方法。

Research and application of zebrafish osteoporosis model

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease caused by the change of the balance between bone anabolism and catabolism. With the arrival of aging society and the influence of unhealthy lifestyle and other factors, the prevalence of osteoporosis is increasing. Osteoporosis can be divided into three categories. The causes of osteoporosis are various, involving a variety of key biological pathways. Several commonly used animal models of osteoporosis need a long time to evaluate the effect of drugs, which is a major obstacle to the discovery of new drugs. Zebrafish is a kind of vertebrate, which is very suitable for the discovery of bone related drugs, because it has many special advantages, such as transparent embryo, rapid bone development, rapid scale regeneration, highly homologous with human related genes and signal pathways, which are not found in mammalian models, and have been successfully applied in the establishment of osteoporosis models in recent years. It has the advantages of short dosage and high efficiency in the screening of new drugs for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in zebrafish. This article will review the research status of osteoporosis, the establishment and application of zebrafish osteoporosis model, in order to provide new ideas and methods for the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and the research of anti-osteoporosis drugs.