Unilateral nasal obstruction alters sweet taste preference and sweet taste receptors in rat circumvallate papillae |
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Authors: | Ershu Ren Ippei Watari Hsu Jui-Chin Mariko Mizumachi-Kubono Katarzyna Anna Podyma-Inoue Masataka Narukawa Takumi Misaka Tetsuro Watabe Takashi Ono |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Orthodontic Science, Department of Orofacial Development and Function, Division of Oral Health Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan;2. Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan;3. Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | Nasal obstruction causes mouth breathing, and affects the growth and development of craniofacial structures, muscle function in the stomatognathic system, and the taste perceptive system. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the effects of nasal obstruction on taste perception has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated this mechanism using the two-bottle taste preference test, immunohistological analysis, and quantification of the mRNA expression of taste-related molecules in the circumvallate papillae. Neonatal male Wistar rats were divided randomly into control and experimental groups. Rats in the experimental group underwent unilateral nasal obstruction by cauterization of the external nostril at the age of 8 days. Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was recorded in awake rats using collar clip sensors. Taste preference for five basic taste solutions was evaluated. Immunohistochemical analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were conducted to evaluate the expressions of taste-related molecules in the taste cells of the circumvallate papillae. Body weights were similar between the two groups throughout the experimental period. The SpO2 in the 7- to 12-week-old rats in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the age-matched rats in the control group. In the two-bottle taste preference test, the sensitivities to sweet taste decreased in the experimental group. The mRNA expression of T1R2, T1R3, α-gustducin, and PLCβ2 was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group as determined by quantitative RT-PCR, and the immunohistochemical staining for α-gustducin and PLCβ2 was less prominent. These findings suggest that nasal obstruction may affect sweet taste perception via the reduced expression of taste-related molecules in the taste cells in rat circumvallate papillae. |
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Keywords: | Nasal obstruction Mouth breathing Two-bottle taste preference test Sweet taste Circumvallate papillae T1R staste receptor family 1 T1R1 taste receptor type 1 subunit 1 T1R2 taste receptor type 1 subunit 2 T1R3 taste receptor type 1 subunit 3 α-gustducin G protein α-gustducin PLC-β2 phospholipase C β2 arterial oxygen saturation |
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