深圳龙岗区职业性噪声与听力损失的流行病学研究

目的 对调查深圳市龙岗区噪声企业工人听力损失的评价指标进行探讨。方法 采用横断面流行病学调查方法，对深圳市龙岗区6家企业的稳态噪声作业环境进行调查，对386名接触噪声人员进行职业卫生学调查和听力测定，听力测定参照《职业性听力损伤诊断标准》（GBZ49—2002），并计算累积噪声暴露量（CNE）。结果 386名噪声作业人员高频听力损伤发生率为74．09％，语频听力损伤发生率为50．52％；随CNE增加，听力损伤发生率有增高趋势（P〈0．05）；Logistic回归分析表明，高频、语频听损发生率与CNE呈显著相关，而与工龄的相关性不明显。结论 在特区经济模式下CNE作为听力健康的评价指标比工龄史敏感。

Epidemiological Study of the Occupational Noise and Hearing Loss in Longgang District of Shenzhen

Objective] To explore the evaluation standards for hearing impairment in Longgang District of Shenzhen. Methods] A cross - sectional study was performed to assess the steady noise condition in six enterprises and conduct occupational hygienic in- vestigation and audiometry on 386 noise - exposed workers; the audiometry was conducted according to the Professional Diagnosis Standard for Hearing Impairment （ GBZ49 -2002） ; the cumulative noise exposure （CNE） was also calculated. Results] The rate of high frequency and low frequency hearing loss were 74.09% and 50.52% respectively; the rate of hearing loss had an increasing tendency with the increase of CNE { P 〈 0.05 } ; the analysis of Logistic regression indicated that high frequency and low frequency hearing loss had positive correlations with CNE but no correlations with the length of service. Conclusion] CNE served as hearing health standard is proved to be more sensitive than the length of service under the mode of special zone economy.