北京市顺义区产后4～12月乳母膳食营养分析

目的:了解北京市顺义区乳母膳食特点并提出合理建议,以利于改善母婴健康状况。方法:运用3天24 h回顾法调查167名乳母,对每个调查对象的各类食物摄入量进行询问,计算三大产能营养素、各种矿物质及维生素的每日平均摄入量。结果:能量平均值为1 519.50 kcal/d,蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物平均值分别为60.05 g/d、38.91 g/d和240.46 g/d,磷、钙、钾、钠、镁、铁、锌、硒摄入量平均值分别为896.78 mg/d、426.40 mg/d、1 646.25 mg/d、839.20 mg/d、282.70 mg/d、17.49 mg/d、7.99 mg/d和40.83 mg/d,VA、VC、VE、硫胺素、核黄素、叶酸、烟酸、VB6摄入量平均值分别为592.77μgRE/d、83.52 mg/d、5.25 mg/d、0.88 mg/d、0.86 mg/d、176.66μg/d、12.22 mg/d和0.32 mg/d。其中除磷外,其他营养素与推荐摄入量相比较均偏低。结论:乳母膳食中的三大产能物质、各种矿物质及维生素的摄入与推荐值相比相对不足。

Analysis on dietary nutrition of foster-nurses at 4-12 months after delivery in Shunyi district of Beijing city

Objective:To understand the dietary characteristics of foster-nurses in Shunyi district of Beijing city,improve health status of mothers and infants.Methods:A total of 167 foster-nurses were investigated by 24-hour retrospective analysis method,then the intake of foods of every respondents was inquired,the average intake of three nutrients,various materials,and vitamins every day were calculated.Results:The average energy was 1 519.50 kcal per day,the average values of protein,fat,and carbohydrate were 60.05 g/d,38.91 g/d,and 240.46 g/d,respectively;the average intake of phosphorus,calcium,potassium,sodium,magnesium,iron,zinc,and selenium were 896.78 mg/d,426.40 mg/d,1 646.25 mg/d,839.20 mg/d,282.70 mg/d,17.49 mg/d,7.99 mg/d,and 40.83 mg/d,respectively;the average intake of vitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin E,thiamin,lactoflavin,folic acid,nicotinic acid,and vitamin B6 were 592.77 μgRE/d,83.52 mg/d,5.25 mg/d,0.88 mg/d,0.86 mg/d,176.66 μg/d,12.22 mg/d,and 0.32 mg/d,respectively.Except phosphorus,the intake of the other nutrients were lower than recommended intake.Conclusion:The intake of three nutrients,various materials,and vitamins in diet of foster-nurses were lower compared with recommended intake.