健康教育对汶川地震重灾区什邡市5岁以下儿童喂养行为的改善研究

目的:了解什邡市灾后0～5岁儿童的喂养状况和存在的问题,以便寻找切实可行的干预措施,改善儿童的营养状况,提出预防营养相关问题的政策建议。方法:选取5岁以下儿童,对其父母进行一对一问卷调查,包括基本资料的收集、照看人科学喂养知识调查、喂养行为和喂养情况的调查。建立数据库,根据收集到的情况,分析震后儿童营养状况存在的问题。针对相应的问题制定健康教育内容,采用分层整群抽样的方法选取干预组,定期进行健康教育。干预时间为1年,1年后再采用同样的方法收集干预后的资料再评估及总结。结果:什邡市0～5岁儿童家长喂养知识、喂养行为部分改善。结论:健康教育在卫生条件差、经济落后地区是促进儿童合理喂养的简单、切实可行的措施,同时需要多层面协作。

Study on the effect of health education on improvement of feeding behaviors in the children under five years old in Shifang city after Wenchuan earthquake

Objective:To understand the feeding conditions and existing problems in 0-5-year-old children in Shifang city after earthquake,find feasible interventional measures,improve the nutritional status of children,put forward strategies and suggestions for preventing related nutritional problems.Methods:The children under five years old were selected,then their parents were investigated one-to-one,the contents included collection of basic data,investigation on scientific feeding knowledge of carers,feeding behaviors,and feeding conditions.Database was established to analyzed the existing problems in nutritional status of children according to the conditions collected.The contents of health education were determined targeting to corresponding problems,stratified cluster sampling method was used to select intervention group,health education was conducted regularly.The duration of health education was one year,after one year,the same methods were used to collect data,then reevaluation and summarization were performed.Results:The feeding knowledge and behaviors of parents with 0-5-year-old children in Shifang city were improved partially.Conclusion:In areas with poor sanitary condition and undeveloped economy,health education is a simple and feasible measure to promote reasonable feeding for children,at the same time,multilayer cooperation is needed.