Incontinencia pigmenti. Estudio descriptivo de la experiencia en dos centros hospitalarios

IntroductionIncontinentia pigmenti is a rare genodermatosis of inheritance linked to the X chromosome that affects tissues derived from ectoderm. The aim of the study is to review, as completely as possible, the cases diagnosed in paediatric patients in two hospitals.Material and methodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out, using the clinical, analytical, radiological, and genetic data of paediatric patients diagnosed with incontinentia pigmenti from 2004 to 2018. The data collected were analysed and evaluated at a multidisciplinary level.ResultsA total of thirteen patients diagnosed with incontinentia pigmenti were included in the study. All of them were female. A genetic study was performed on 11 patients, which confirmed findings compatible with incontinentia pigmenti in 10 of them. Extracutaneous involvement associated with the disease was observed at neurological level (radiological findings in 6 cases, and clinical expression in 3 of them), ophthalmological level (4 cases), dental level (7 cases), and haematological level (4 cases).ConclusionsA presentation is given of the most complete study published so far of incontinentia pigmenti in Spain. In this study, the results of the disease manifestations were similar to the largest case series published internationally, which reinforces the importance of a multidisciplinary study and follow-up.