Breast Cancer Risk Related to Combined Oral Contraceptive Use

Conflicting literature exists regarding the relationship of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and breast cancer risk. Although earlier studies demonstrated an association between the use of COCs and overall breast cancer risk in previous and current users, more recent research exhibits a small increased risk in current users only, with risk declining within 5 years after discontinuation. Furthermore, recent research demonstrates that COCs may protect against ovarian, endometrial, and colorectal cancer. This report reviews literature from 2010 to current on breast cancer incidence among average- and high-risk women who ever used COCs as well as protective benefits they may provide.