6—8岁男童静态平衡能力测试与评价指标体系的建立

目的：对6-8岁儿童的静态平衡能力进行测试,建立评价指标体系。方法：按照随机抽样的方法,在河北省内4个地区,8个县（市）,16所小学及幼儿园,随机抽取6-8岁男童388人进行测试。对受试者的要求是：没有从事系统体育训练、无近视、身体形态正常无明显肥胖者。采用中国科学院合肥智能研究所生产的平衡测力台、计算机及配套软件．在室内对所有测试者进行6种姿态的测试,6种姿势分别为双脚站立,双眼睁开（紧闭）;左腿站立,双眼睁开（紧闭）：右腿站立,双眼睁开（紧闭）。采用该实验设备有关评价平衡能力的6项指标,即包络面积X方向平均值、Y方向平均值、R值、单位时间轨迹长度、轨迹位置均方差。结果：所有指标原始筛选结果显示,姿势由原来的6种缩减为4种,指标由原始的36项缩减为24项。聚类分析的二次筛选结果显示,分别以4种姿态进行聚类分析,选取各类的典型指标,指标有24项缩减为17项。因子分析的3次筛选结果显示,对2次筛选后所剩的17项指标进行因子分析,总结出7个因子。分别选出7个因子的7个代表指标作为评价静态平衡能力的综合评价指标,建立6,7,8岁男童静态平衡能力的综合评价指标体系。结论：建立了3套针对于6—8岁男童的静态平衡能力的7项指标评价体系。对静态平衡能力的评价应采用多项指标进行综合评价。6,7,8岁男童静态平衡能力的评价指标的数目相同,指标内容不同,对他们的评价应分别建立各自的评价指标体系。

A static balance test for six- to eight-year-old boys and establishment of its evaluating systen

OBJECTIVE： To test the static balance function of boys aged from 6 to 8 years and then to establish a system of evaluating the static balance function. METHODS： A total of 388 boys aged from 6 to 8 years were randomly selected from 16 kindergartens of 8 counties （cities） in 4 regions of Hebei Province. The inclusive criteria were as follows： no systematic training of sports, no myopia, normal body shape and no obvious obesity. The balance force-measuring plates made by Hefei Institute of Intelligent of Chinese Academy of Sciences, computer and the supporting software were adopted. The subjects received an indoor test of 6 testing postures, namely, standing on two feet with eyes open （and closed）, standing on left leg with eyes open （and closed）, standing on right leg with eyes open （and closed）. Six indexes relating to balance abilities including the mean of X direction, the mean of Y direction, R value, track length per unit time and track location variance of the envelop area. RESULTS： The original screening of all indexes showed that 6 kinds of postures reduced to 4 and that indexes reduced from 36 to 24. The second screening with cluster analysis which was conducted to the 4 kinds of postures showed that 24 indexes reduced to 17 when selecting typical indexes from each cluster. The third screening with factor analysis showed that 7 out of the 17 indexes were remained. Seven representative indexes corresponding to these 7 factors were concluded and considered as the comprehensive evaluation indexes of the static balance. The comprehensive static balance evaluation index systems for 6-year-old, 7-year-old and 8-year-old boys were established respectively. CONCLUSION： Three systems for evaluating the static balance function of the boys aged from 6 to 8 years are established successfully based on 7 indexes. The evaluation of static balance function should be based on the comprehensive evaluation of multiple indexes. The evaluation indexes for 6-year-old, 7-year-old and 8-year-old boys are identical in number, but different in content. Accordingly, a specific evaluation index system should be established for them separately.