渐进性肌肉放松训练结合健康教育对维持性血液透析患者的影响

目的 分析渐进性肌肉放松训练结合健康教育对维持性血液透析（MHD）患者心G状态的影响,为临床制定适合于MHD患者的系统心理干预措施提供依据.方法 将45例MHD患者随机分为干预组23例（脱落2例）和对照组22例（脱落1例）.对照组接受常规的血液透析护理;干预组在此基础上,加用两轮护理干预即渐进性肌肉放松训练结合健康教育,观察并比较两组结果.结果 第一轮干预后,干预组各项心理测试指标得分显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;相关生化指标差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.第二轮干预后,干预组的心理测试指标得分进一步低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）;血红蛋白（Hb）、透析前血清钙（Ca2＋）显著高于对照组,血清磷（PO43＋）、钾（K＋）显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 在血液透析常规护理基础上加用渐进性肌肉放松训练结合健康教育的护理措施能显著改善患者的心理和生理状态.

Effect of progressive muscle relaxation combined with health education on the psychological state of the maintained hemodialysis patients

Objective To evaluate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation combined with health education on the psychological state of the maintained hemodialysis patients and provide basis for the psychological intervention for them. Methods Forty-two MHD patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group and control group. Patients in the control group received the conventional nursing, and patients in the intervention group received the conventional therapy combined with nursing intervention for two times. Results After the first intervention, the various psychological testing indicators of intervention group were obviously lower than those of control group and there was statistically significant difference between two groups(P ＜ 0. 05 ). The differences of index of physiological chemistry between two groups had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0. 05 ). After the second intervention, the various psychological testing indicators of intervention group were further lower than those of control group and there was statistical significant difference ( P ＜ 0. 01 or P ＜ 0. 05 ). The Hb and Ca2 + of the intervention group were remarkably higher than control group,while PO43+ and K+ of intervention group were significantly lower than control group. Both differences had statistical significance(P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Progressive muscle relaxation combined with health education can greatly improve the psychological and physiological status of MHD patients.