北京地区吸毒人群人口学和行为学特征改变研究

目的：了解北京地区吸毒人群的人口学特征、行为学特征及改变情况。方法：采用自填式问卷，分别在1998和2000年随机抽取某戒毒所的吸毒人群，进行纵向调查。结果：25岁以下吸毒者比例从1998年的18．7％增加到2000年的28．2％；女性吸毒者从20．5％增加到34．6％；个体经营者吸毒人数增加明显，从15．2％增加到25．9％；约50％的吸毒者为初中毕业，但小学及以下文化程度者从8．5％增加到15．1％；2000年和1998年相比未婚吸毒者从40．8％增加到53．2％；1998年和2000年分别有16．5％和11．9％的吸毒者共用注射器，57．3％的共用注射器吸毒者毒伴不固定；1998年和2000年婚外性行为的比例分别为12．5％和27．5％，婚外性行为比例有所增加，婚外性行为者平均性伴数为2个；与1998年相比，2000年吸毒者中每次性行为时使用避孕套比例有所增加，但仍有47．7％的吸毒者性行为时从来不用避孕套。结论：由于吸毒人群的大量增加，共用注射器和高危性行为仍很普遍，北京地区吸毒人群中发生HIV流行的可能性依然存在。

Drug users in Beijing demographic and behavioral characteristics change research

Objective To understand the demography changes and behaviors in drug users. Method Self reported questionnaires was used and longitudinal investigation was conducted in one of the detoxication centers in Beijing in 1998 and 2000. Drug users were randomly chosen. Results Results showed that age of drug users tend to become younger with the numbers of drug users aged below 25, increased from 18.7 % in 1998 to 28.2 % in 2000. Majority of drug users remained males, but the proportion of females seemed to increase. Distribution of occupation showed that the largest increase fell among individual enterprisers, from 15.2 % in 1998 to 25.9 % in 2000. With educational back ground, the proportion of lower than elementary education level, including illiterate, increased. Fifty percent of drug users were unmarried which increased from 40.8 % in 1998 to 53.2 % in 2000. Needle sharing was quite common, 16.5 % in 1998 and 11.9 % in 2000, but the decrease was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05 ). Fifty seven point three percent of the injecting drug users did not have constant partners to share equipments. Proportion of extra marrige sexual practice increased from 12.5 % in 1998 to 27.5 % in 2000, and significant difference (Chi square= 12.50 , P < 0.001 ). Multiple partners in extra married drug users was also found ( mean= 2). Compared to 1998, condom use during every sexual practice increased in 2000, but 47.7 % drug users still never used condom. Conclusion In summary, as the quick increase of drug users, sharing of injecting equipment and high risk sexual behavior, including multiple partners and unprotected sex, were quite common, with the possibility of HIV epidemic in drug users.