轻度认知障碍调查研究

目的 本研究旨在明确轻度认知障碍(MCI)的影响因素,明确控制危险因素对MCI的防治作用.方法 调查对象为2007年12月至2009年12月期间,在秦皇岛市社区选取65岁及以上老年人,包括城市人口和农村人口.最终入选本研究1 011例,男410例,女601例.采用统一的调查表和标准化调查用语,按名单入户调查,详细记录调查资料.对符合入选标准的受试者进行认知功能评估,记录受试者的人口学资料、生活习惯、既往病史、神经心理评估结果.最后完成诊断(包括认知水平和其他疾病诊断).不能完成评估或不能配合进行认知评估者,依据临床信息进行诊断.结果 ①MCI 67例,痴呆45例,正常899例,MCI的发生率为6.6％,痴呆发生率4.5％；②人口学资料:高龄、农村MCI的发生率较高,与低龄和城市居住者差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),其中随着年龄增长,MCI发生率随之增长趋势明显；性别、受教育情况、体质量指数、职业,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).③生活习惯:吸烟史、是否饮酒,运动状态与MCI的发生率差异有统计学意义,其中随着吸烟史增长,MCI发生率随之增长趋势明显,运动状态持续时间增长,MCI发生率随之明显降低；是否喝茶差异无统计学意义.④患病史:脑血管疾病、心脏疾病、内分泌代谢疾病、癫痫、抑郁症、脑外伤史、家族史与MCI的发生率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或＜0.01).高血压差异无统计学意义.结论 随着年龄增长,MCI发生率随之增长趋势明显；农村MCI的发生率明显高于城市.随着吸烟史增长,MCI发生率随之增长,运动状态持续时间增长,MCI发生率随之降低趋势明显,饮酒人群MCI患病率明显高于非饮酒人群.脑血管疾病、心脏疾病、内分泌代谢疾病、癫痫、抑郁症、脑外伤史、家族史与MCI的发生率差异有统计学意义.

Investigation on mild cognitive impairment

Objective To clear the impact factors of mild cognitive impairment （MCI）, the explicit control of risk factors in prevention and treatment of MCI. Methods The survey was conducted in December 2007-December 2009 period,in Qinhuangdao city community 65 years and older selected, including urban and rural populations. Eventually enrolled in the study 1 011 cases, 410 cases of male and female 601 cases. A unified and standardized survey questionnaire language was adopted, according to the list of household, and detailed survey data were recorded. Subjects who met inclusion criteria were given cognitive function assessment, and demographic data, habits, past medical history, neuropsychological assessment were recorded. Finalized diagnosis （including diagnosis of cognitive level and other diseases）. The subjects who could not complete the assessment or who could not meet the cognitive assessment were based on clinical information for diagnosis. Results （D67 cases with MCI,45 cases with dementia,899 cases of normal, MCI rate was 6.6 %, 4.5 % incidence of dementia. （~） In demographic data, age, long-term residence and incidence of MCI showed significant statistical differences, with age increase, MCI followed the trend rate of growth significantly; Gender,educational situation, body mass index, occupation showed no significant statistical difference. （~）Between smoking habits in the history, whether drinking, exercise status and the incidence of MCI, there were significant statistical differences,with increase in the smoking history, MCI had significantly the incidence of subsequent growth trends, and with exercise duration increased state, MCI had significantly the incidence of subsequent growth trends; Whether tea or not was no significant statistical different. @Between cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, endocrine and metabolic diseases, epilepsy, depression, history of brain trauma, family history and incidence of MCI, there were significant statistical differences. Hypertension had no significant difference. Conclusion With age, MCI has the incidence of subsequent growth trends;the incidence of MCI in rural areas was significantly higher than in the city. With smoking,MCI shows increase trend,but with motion state,the incidence of MCI shows decrease trend. The prevalence of drinking among MCI is significantly higher than non-drinkers. Between cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, endocrine and metabolic diseases, epilepsy,depression, brain trauma history, family history and the incidence of MCI, there are significant statistical difference.