中医病机术语翻译中的显化现象研究

从翻译的普遍性特征角度，研究中医病机术语的英译是否具有显化现象，探讨不同译本显化现象的特征。建立小型中医病机术语平行语料库，考察6种中外译者翻译版本的显化现象。研究结果基本支持Blum-Kulka（1986）的显化假说，中医病机术语英译中存在显化现象。同时，中医病机术语英译中显化现象的特性有：①中医病机术语英译中的显化现象类别与文学翻译中的不尽相同。中外译者的中医病机术语英译中主要存在增词、具体化、明晰化等显化现象，其中增词现象出现的比例最高。②中国译者版本中的显化现象比例高于外国译者版本。中医具有与西医不同的哲学体系和自己独特的语言表达方式，以及中外译者因翻译理念不同而采用不同的中医翻译原则，这些是造成中医病机术语英译中显化现象及其特性的主要原因。将显化假说的检验扩大到实用文本翻译领域，可进一步深化翻译普遍特征的研究。

Study on explicitation in English translation of TCM pathogenesis terms

English translation of TCM pathogenesis terms was investigated in this paper from the perspective of universal features of translation. Small-sized Chinese and English parallel corpus of TCM pathogenesis terms was built to examine whether English translation of TCM pathogenesis terms bore the features of explicitation. Further study was conducted to investigate expliciatation revealed in different versions. Results showed that explicitation exists in the English translation of this field, consistent with Blum-Kulka’s （1986） Explicitation Hypothesis. At the same time, explicitation in English translation of TCM pathogenesis terms possesses its own characteristics. First, its pattern is different from that of literary works. There are mainly three types of explicitation, i.e. adding words, specifying, and explicitation of analogy/metaphor. Among these types, adding words is the most frequently used. In addition, more cases of explicitness are found in Chinese translators’ versions than those of foreign ones, which might be due to the different translation principles held by different translators. The unique philosophy of TCM is substantially different from that of western medicine, thus its unique way of expression may lead to the phenomenon of explicitation in English translation of TCM pathogenesis terms. The present study provides fresh evidence for the Explicitation Hypothesis.