通窍活血汤对血管性痴呆大鼠海马神经元凋亡及血清巢蛋白的影响

目的：研究通窍活血汤对血管性痴呆（VaD）大鼠海马CA1区神经元凋亡及血清巢蛋白（Nestin）表达的影响，探讨通窍活血汤改善VaD大鼠空间记忆能力的作用机理。方法选取40只健康雄性SD大鼠，按随机数字表随机分为空白对照组、假手术组、VaD模型组、中药组、安慰剂组各8只，采用Olsson法建立VaD模型，造模成功后，中药组予以通窍活血汤灌胃，安慰剂组予蒸馏水灌胃。Morris水迷宫实验测试其学习记忆能力，TUNEL法检测海马CA1区神经元凋亡情况，ELISA法检测血清Nestin含量。结果中药组VaD大鼠海马CA1区神经元凋亡指数为（37.01±2.23）%，安慰剂组为（55.15±1.54）%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；中药组血清Nestin含量为（4.47±0.31）ng/L，安慰剂组为（3.42±0.43）ng/L，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。中药组VaD大鼠第3、4、5天逃避潜伏期（32.07±13.43）s、（21.08±6.45）s、（19.53±7.52）s]较VaD模型组（49.71±18.16）s、（34.37±7.42）s、（30.68±6.67）]明显缩短（P均＜0.01），穿越平台次数明显增多（5.02±1.34对3.77±1.07）次, t＝3.521，P＝0.001）。结论通窍活血汤能改善VaD大鼠空间记忆能力，可能与增加VaD大鼠血清Nestin表达和减少海马CA1区神经元凋亡相关。

Effect of Tongqiao-Huoxue decoction on hippocampus neuron apoptosis and blood serum nidogen of vascular dementia rats

Objective To study the effects of Tongqiao-Huoxue decoction on neuron apoptosis in the CA1 region of the hippocampus and the serum nidogen expression of vascular dementia（VaD） rats and to investigate its mechanism. Methods 40 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a sham operation group, a model group, a TCM group, and a placebo group. VaD rat models were established by Olsson method. After the models were successfully prepared, the rats in the TCM group were fed Tongqiao-Huoxue decoction, the rats in the placebo group were fed distilled water. Morris water maze test was adopted to investigate their learning and memory abilities, TUNEL was used to assay hippocampal CA1 neurons apoptosis, ELISA kits was used to detect Nestin serum levels . Results The neuron apoptosis index in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in the TCM group was（37.01±2.23）%,which was（55.15±1.54）%in the placebo group;the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The serum nidogen was（4.47±0.31）ng/L in the TCM group, which was（3.42±0.43）ng/L in the placebo group;the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Compared to the VaD group, escape latency in the TCM group in the third, forth, and fifth day was significantly shorter（P〈0.05）, the number of cross platforms were significantly increased（t=3.521, P=0.000）. Conclusion Tong qiao-Huoxue decoction can improve learning and memory impairment in VaD rats, which may be associated with its increasing serum nidogen expression and decreasing the neuron apoptosis in hippocampal CA1.