骨化性气管支气管病1例及文献复习

骨化性气管支气管病(tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica，TBO)是一种罕见、病因未明的疾病，以气管和支气管管壁出现骨化结节而不累及后壁为特点。2018 年8 月中南大学湘雅二医院收治了1 例35 岁的女性TBO患者，其主诉为呼吸困难2 年余，秋冬更甚，支气管镜检及活检病理检查可见气管骨化。患者未接受特殊治疗，随访3 个月，症状无好转或恶化。回顾已有发表的60 例TBO病例报道发现：TBO患者60%为女性，年龄20~80(53.62±15.97)岁，病变累及范围从声带至段支气管，主要在气管和双侧主气管，气管下部更常见。以组合性呼吸道症状多见。诊断主要依靠支气管镜检及病理活检。治疗上，对于有症状的TBO患者主要给予对症治疗，包括内镜下治疗及外科手术。一般认为TBO近期预后良好，远期预后仍需进一步研究。

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: A case report and literature review

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TBO) is a rare disease with unknown etiologycharacterized by ossifying nodules in the trachea and bronchial walls without involvementof the posterior wall of trachea. A 35-year-old woman admitted to Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University, in August 2018 was diagnosed as TBO. She complained ofdyspnea for over two years, worsening in autumn and winter, and was detected with trachealossification via bronchoscopy and biopsy. The patient received no special treatment, and noimprovement or deterioration of symptoms was observed during the 3-month follow-up. Wereviewed 60 TBO cases and found that 60% of them were female, with ages of 20-80(53.62±15.97) years. The involved lesion sites were from the vocal cords to the bronchialsegments, mainly in the trachea and bilateral main trachea, and the lower part of the tracheawas more common. Combined respiratory symptoms were common. The diagnosis mainlydepends on bronchoscopy and biopsy. Symptomatic treatment is the main strategy forsymptomatic TBO patients, including endoscopic intervention and surgery. It is generallybelieved that the short-term prognosis of TBO is good, but the long-term prognosis stillneeds to be further studied.