吸烟对人精子单倍染色体的影响

目的　为了探讨吸烟与精子染色体畸变的关系。方法　采用异种体外授精技术制备人精子单倍染色体 ,对比分析吸烟对精子单倍染色体的致畸变效应。结果　轻度吸烟组 (2 0支 /d)和重度吸烟组 (4 0支 /d)结构畸变精子率分别为8 31%和 13 83% ,明显高于对照组 (4 0 5 % ) (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。各组间结构畸变类型以无着丝粒断片为主。在重度吸烟组检出三射体、双着丝粒体等半稳定畸变。对照组、轻度吸烟组和重度吸烟组精子染色体断裂均数分别为 0 0 4 6 ,0 0 98,0 14 2 ,差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,各组间性别比无明显差异。结论　吸烟可导致人精子单倍染色体畸变 ,吸烟量与精子染色体畸变率的升高成正相关。

The effects of smoking on the chromosomes in human spermatozoa

Objective: To invesgate the relationship between smoking and human sperm chromosome aberrations. Methods: The effects of smoking on the chromosomes in human sperm were analyzed, using zona-free hamster eggs penetrated in vitro by human sperm. Results: The frequencies of structural chromosome aberrations of the light smoking group and the heavy smoking group were 8.31%,13.83%,much higher than that in control group (4.05%)(P<0.05,<0.01),the main structural abnormalities in all groups were appearence of acentric fregments. Triradal configuration and diplocentromeres chromosomes were found in heay smoking group. The breakage means in control and two smoking groups were 0.046,0.098,0.142,the differences were significant (P<0.05,P<0.01). No difference of sex ratio was noted between smoking and control group. Conclusion Cigarette smoking damaged the human sperm chromosomes, the smoking dosage was associated with increased human sperm chromosome aberrations.