细胞块切片免疫细胞化学染色在浆膜腔积液细胞学诊断中的应用

目的 探讨浆膜腔积液细胞块切片免疫细胞化学染色在细胞学诊断上的意义.方法 收集2006年至2008年有间皮增生、异形细胞、癌细胞的浆膜腔积液99例,进行离心涂片、细胞块切片HE染色及免疫细胞化学染色,并结合临床及随访结果进行综合分析.结果 本组病例涂片、细胞块切片HE染色、免疫细胞化学染色及综合诊断的阳性率、阴性率和不确定率依次为:涂片,68.7%(68/99)、16.2%(16/99)和15.1%(15/99);细胞块切片HE染色,71.7%(71/99)、16.2%(16/99)和12.1%(12/99);细胞块切片免疫细胞化学染色,76.8%(76/99)、20.2%(20/99)和3.0%(3/99);综合诊断,77.8%(77/99)、17.2%(17/99)、5.0%(5/99).涂片与细胞块切片HE染色检查结果的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);涂片或细胞块切片HE染色检查与免疫细胞化学染色的不确定率差异均具统计学意义(P<0.05).涂片、细胞块切片HE染色检查的假阳性率、假阴性率均为0;免疫细胞化学染色的假阳性率、假阴性率均为1.0%(1/99).结论 细胞块免疫细胞化学染色是诊断浆膜腔积液良恶性及判别瘤细胞组织来源的有效方法;结合涂片、切片之HE和免疫细胞化学染色及临床情况综合分析能提高积液诊断的阳性率.

Evaluation of immunohistochemistry staining and cytologic diagnosis by using cell block sections prepared with effusion fluid cytology specimens

Objective To study the values of immunohistochemistry staining and cytological diagnosis by using cell block sections prepared with the effusion fluid cytology specimens. Methods Ninety- nine effusion cytology specimens with the diagnoses of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia, atypical cells and metastatic carcinoma were enrolled into the study. The cytospin preparations/smears, cell block sections and immunohistochemical study were performed and correlated with the clinical findings and follow-up data.Results Amongst the 99 cases studied, the percentage with positive diagnosis using cytospin preparations/smears was 68.7% (68/99). The percentages with negative and equivocal diagnoses were 16. 2% (16/99)and 15. 1% ( 15/99), respectively. As for cell block sections, the percentages were 71.7% (71/99),16. 2% (16/99) and 12. 1% (12/99), respectively. On the other hands, the percentages became 76. 8% (76/99), 20. 2% (20/99) and 3. 0% (3/99), respectively, when coupled with immunohistochemical findings. The overall percentages of positive, negative and equivocal diagnoses were 77.8% (77/99), 17.2% (17/99) and 5.0% (5/99), respectively, upon clinicopathologic correlation. The difference between cytespin preparations/smears and cell block sections was not statistically significant ( P > 0. 05 ). When coupled with immunohistochemical findings or clinicopathologic correlation, the difference in rates of equivocal diagnosis however carried statistical significance (P <0. 05 ) . The false-negative rate of immunohistochemical study applied on cell block sections was 1.0% (1/99). Conclusions Immunohistocbemistry, when applied on cell block sections, is useful in delineation of the primary origins of the tumor cells in effusion fluid cytology specimens. Combination of morphologic examination, immunohistochemical findings and clinicopathologic correlation can further improve the rate of positive diagnosis.