寒冷刺激诱发孕鼠妊娠高血压综合征动物模型研究

目的　探讨寒冷刺激是否能诱发孕鼠妊娠高血压综合征样的改变。方法　将成年Wistar雌鼠随机分为 4组 :非孕对照组 (NN)、非孕寒冷组 (NC)、妊娠对照组 (PN)、妊娠寒冷组 (PC) ,从妊娠第 1天至妊娠第 19天每天分别置于 (4± 2 )℃ 4h(寒冷组 )及 2 5℃ (对照组 ) ,测定大鼠血压、尿蛋白、体重、红细胞压积 ,测量胎盘重量、胎鼠重量及身长 ,观察胎盘、肾脏组织学改变。结果　NC及PC组刺激两周后血压升高、尿蛋白增加 ,与NN及PN组相比 ,均有统计学意义。PC组与PN组相比 ,胎盘重量、胎鼠重量及身长均显著降低 ,其肾脏及胎盘各层均有明显的缺血、缺氧的组织学表现。结论　反复寒冷刺激可诱发孕鼠妊娠高血压综合征样的改变 ,为妊娠高血压综合征的动物模型制作提供了一种新的非侵袭性方法。

Cold-stress stimulates pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome in pregnant rats

Objective　To determine whether cold-stress stimulation could lead to pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH) in rats. Methods　Female adult Wistar female rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: non-pregnant control group (NN), non-pregnant cold-stress group (NC), pregnant control group (PN) and pregnant cold-stress group (PC). The rats were kept in (4±2) ℃ for 4 h (cold-stress groups) every day or remained in 25 ℃ (control groups) from the 1 st day to 19 th day of pregnancy. The blood pressure, urine protein, body weight, haematocrit (HCT), weight of placenta, length and weight of fetus were all measured. The histological change of the placenta and kidneys were also observed. Results　After cold-stress stimulation for 2 weeks, the blood pressure, urine protein in NC and PC group increased significantly compared with that in control group, while the weight of placenta and fetus, the length of fetus in PC decreased significantly than that in PN. Obvious ischemic and anoxic histological changes in kidneys and all layers of placenta were found in PC group. Conclusion　Repeated cold-stress stimulation can induce PIH in rats, thus provide a new non-invasive method to establish an animal model of PIH.