儿童肺炎支原体感染诊治研究进展

肺炎支原体(MP)是小儿社区获得性肺炎的重要病原,并与哮喘发作关系密切.MP感染以年长儿童为高发人群.尽管年幼儿童MP感染率略低,但常更为严重,气急、三凹征更易发生,年长儿则以高热和咳嗽为特征.血清学检查是诊断MP感染的标准实验室手段,PCR方法则更适用于年幼和免疫损害患儿MP感染的早期诊断.大环内酯类抗生素仍是目前儿童MP肺炎的标准治疗药物,但如何处理难治性MP肺炎已成为临床研究的重要课题.

Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of childhood Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections

Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)remains to be an important pathogen of childhood community-acquired pneumonia,and also has close relationship to asthma exacerbation. There is a much higher incidence of MP infection in older children than younger children. The latter,although with a lower infection rate,usually show a more severe clinical picture,and is prone to have tachypnea and retractions. High fever and irritative cough are characteristics of MP infections in older children. Serological method is the standard one for diagnosing MP infection,while PCR is more suitable for early diagnosis of MP infection in younger and immunocompromised patients. Macrolide is still the drug of choice for treatment of childhood MP pneumonia,but how to manage the refractory MP pneumonia has become a big challenge to clinical researchers.