银杏内酯的抗血管性痴呆作用

目的：利用小鼠和大鼠血管性痴呆模型，研究银杏内酯（ginkgolindes，Gink）抗血管性痴呆的作用。方法：采用双侧颈总动脉不完全结扎和左侧大脑中动脉梗塞（MCAO）分别造成小鼠和大鼠血管性痴呆（Vascular Dementia，VD）模型。前者进行跳台和水迷宫实验检测小鼠学习记忆能力，后者进行Y型电迷宫实验检测大鼠空间学习记忆能力，并对脑组织乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、胆碱乙酰转移酶（CHAT）含量进行测定，采用免疫组化的方法检测海马组织中的神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）基因的表达情况。结果：小鼠和大鼠血管性痴呆模型组学习、记忆能力较相应的伪手术组均显著下降；与模型组相比，银杏内酯高剂量组的学习记忆能力均有显著提高。在大鼠血管性痴呆模型中，银杏内酯高、低剂量组脑组织的AChE活性有一定程度下降，ChAT活性显著升高，海马区nNOS阳性细胞表达明显减少。结论：银杏内酯具有促进血管性痴呆小鼠和大鼠学习记忆能力的作用，其机制可能与提高脑内胆碱能系统机能和抑制nNOS表达相关。

Antagonism Effect of Ginkgolides on Vascular Dementia

AIM： To study the effects of ginkgolides on vascular dementia （VD） in mice and rats model. METHODS： The model of mice and rats with VD were duplicated with the partial ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries and occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. （MCAO） separately. Jumping stand test and Water or Y-labyrinth tests were measured to detect the leaning and memory capacities of mice or rats. The contents of AChE and ChAT in rat brain were assayed. And the gene expression of nNOS were detected with immunohistochemistry method. RESULTS： The learning and memory capacities of the model groups receded significantly, compared with the shame-operated group. Compared with the model group, ginkgolides increased memory capacity significantly. In the VD rats model, ginkgolide significantly decreased the activity of AChE and the gene expression of nNOS, increased the activity of ChAT in brain. CONCLUSION： Ginkgolides posses the role of promoting the capacities of learning and memory of VD mice and rats. The mechanism perhaps is related with reducing AChE and increasing ChAT levels in brain tissue. It also maybe inhibits the expression of nNOS, decreasing the production of NO.