中心气道管腔狭窄的病变类型和介入技术选择

多种良恶性病变可以引起中心气道管腔狭窄.按病变和管壁的关系,可以分为管腔内病变,管壁病变、管腔外病变及混合病变.介入技术分为消融技术、机械手段和其他技术.消融技术适合处理管腔内病变,机械手段适合处理管壁病变和管壁外病变引起的外压性狭窄.对于伴窒息风险的重度气道阻塞患者,应该及时处理,并选用快速起效技术,如激光、高频电、氩等离子体凝固和机械手段.

Lesion types caused intraluminal stenosis of central airways and selecting interventional procedures

A variety of malignant and benign lesions, including intraluminal lesions, airway wall lesions, extraluminal lesions and mixed lesions, may cause intraluminal stenosis of central airway. Interventional procedures include ablating procedures,mechanical devices and others. Indications for ablating procedures are intraluminal lesions, indications for mechanical devices are airway wall lesions and extrinsic stenosis. Some patients with asphyxia risk caused by critical airway obstruction should be treated in time. And those procedures should be adopted,including immediate effect technique, such as laser, high frequency electric cautery,argon plasma coagulation and mechanical devices.