呼吸科病房下呼吸道感染细菌分布及耐药性分析

目的：探讨呼吸科病房下呼吸道感染细菌分布及耐药性。方法获取诊断为下呼吸道感染患者的痰液，然后采用K‐B纸片琼脂扩散法和最小抑菌浓度法分离细菌种类，并进行药物敏感试验。结果共分离获得细菌529株，其中革兰阴性菌416株（78．8％），革兰阳性菌88株（16．6％），真菌25株（4．7％），居前2位的是革兰阴性菌铜绿假单胞菌（25．0％）和鲍曼不动杆菌（13．0％）。最为常见的铜绿假单胞菌对不少常用药物已有不同程度耐药，但仍有部分药物可供选择。鲍曼不动杆菌除对头孢哌酮／舒巴坦耐药率较低外，其他常用药物均已明显耐药。头孢哌酮／舒巴坦对多种革兰阴性菌和阳性菌敏感率均高。结论呼吸科病房下呼吸道大多数感染菌是革兰阴性菌，其中最为常见的是铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌，后者对大多常见药物已耐药，前者仅个别药物尚可选用。

Investigation of bacteria distribution and drug resistance of lower respairory tract infection of respairtory wards

Objective To investigate the bacteria distribution and drug resistance of lower respairory tract infection of re‐spairtory wards .Methods Sputum from patients with low respiratory tract infection was collected ,K‐B methods and minimun in‐hibitory concentration were used to make distribution and antibiotic resisitance .Results Five hundred and twenty‐nine strains were isolated ,of which gram negative organisms accounted for 416(78 .8% ) ,and gram positive organisms accounted for 88(16 .6% ) ,and fungi accounted for 25(4 .7% ) .In whtich ,the pseudomoas aeruginosa(25 .0% )and acinetobacter baumannii(13 .0% )accounted for the first and second one .Pseudomoas aeruginosa showed varying degrees of resistance to most commomly used antibacterials ,but there were still some alternatives .Acinetobacter baumannii had higher resistance to most commomly used antibacterial ,except for cefoperazone sulbactam .Cefoperazone sulbactam showed high susceptibility to most gram negative organisms and gram positive or‐ganisms .Conclusion In the respiratory wards ,gram negative organisms were predominant in low respiratory tract infection .Pseud‐omoas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii play a main role .The later is resistant to most commonly used antibacterials and the former showes high resisitance except for a few antibacterials .