实验性大鼠轻型和重型急性胰腺炎的病理形态特点

目的：分析两种类型胰腺炎组织病理变化特点，进而为深入探讨重症急性胰腺炎（ SAP）发病机制提供新思路。方法30只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术（SO）组、轻型急性胰腺炎模型（MAP）组和重症急性胰腺炎模型（SAP）组。3组均于制模后12 h剖杀取材；光镜下观察各组大鼠胰腺、肝、肺和小肠组织病理改变；透射电镜观察各种组织超微结构变化。结果SO组大鼠各组织肉眼及镜下观察均无明显变化。与MAP组比较，SAP组大鼠各器官均出现不同程度出血、坏死、炎细胞浸润、血液成分外渗、微循环血栓形成、血管内皮损伤等病理变化，而MAP组仅表现为胰腺局部充血水肿，胰外脏器无明显病理变化。结论 SAP大鼠各器官均以出血、坏死为主要病理特点，与MAP具有本质性区别，这些病理特点为深入研究重症急性胰腺炎发病机制提供了新思路。

Pathological morphological characteristics of experimental rats with acute light and heavy pancreatitis

Objective The aim of this study is to demonstrate the pathological characteristics about two types of pancreati‐tis ,providing new thinking about the mechanism of severe acute pancreatitis .Methods Thirty male Sprague‐Dawley rats were ran‐domly divided into three equal groups :sham‐operated (SO ,n=10) group ,mild acute pancreatitis (MAP ,n=10)) group and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP ,n=10) group ,all the rats were killed after 12 h of building model .Under the microscope ,we detected the pathological changes of pancreas ,liver ,lung and small intestine .The ultrastructure of pancreas ,liver ,lung and small intestine tissue were observed by transmission electron microscope .Results In SAP group ,congestion ,edema ,inflammatory cell infiltration ,lea‐king of blood componedts ,vascular endothelial injury and thrombosis of microcirculation were obviously observed .There is no ap‐parent pathological changes in the MAP group except the edema of pancreas .Conclusion Hemorrhage and necrosis are the main pathological characteristics in SAP rats ,has essential difference with MAP .These pathological characteristics provides us a new thinking for further study about the mechanism of SAP .