Progress of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in measurement of vitamin D metabolites and analogues |
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| Authors: | Joe M El-Khoury Edmunds Z Reineks Sihe Wang |
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| Institution: | aDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA;bDepartment of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveClinical testing for vitamin D nutritional status has experienced tremendous growth in the past several years, driven by research results linking various diseases with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D] levels. Meanwhile, interest in the pathophysiological mechanism elucidation and pharmaceutical applications requires measurement of vitamin D metabolites and analogues. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has been increasingly utilized in these applications. In this work, our objective was to critically review the progress of LC-MS application in measuring vitamin D metabolites and analogues in biological fluids.MethodsThe LC-MS methods included were selected from those searchable in PubMed up to January 2010.Results and ConclusionLC-MS has unique advantages in measuring various vitamin D metabolites and analogues due to its flexibility, sensitivity, and specificity. Despite some controversies over serum 25(OH)D tests, LC-MS will be used for standardizing serum 25(OH)D assays using reference materials available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology. |
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| Keywords: | Abbreviations: 25(OH)D 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1 25(OH)2D 1α 25-dihydroxyvitamin D DBP Vitamin D binding protein VDR Vitamin D receptor t1/2 half-life time 1OHD 1α-hydroxyvitamin D 24 25(OH)2D 24R 25-dihydroxyvitamin D OCT 22-oxacalcitriol ASMS American Society for Mass Spectrometry IS Internal standard SRM Standardized reference materials NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology DBS Dried blood spots CSF Cerebrospinal fluid LLOQ Lower limit of quantification SPE Solid phase extraction LLE Liquid-liquid extraction PPE Protein precipitation extraction DMEQTAD 4-[2-(6 7-dimethoxy-4-methyl-3-oxo-3 4-dihydroquinoxalyl)ethyl]-1 2 4-triazoline-3 5-dione PTAD 4-phenyl-1 2 4-triazoline-3 5-dione UVB Ultraviolet B radiation LC-MS liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry LC-SMS liquid chromatography-single mass spectrometry LC-TMS liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry APCI atmospheric pressure chemical ionization ESI electrospray ionization |
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