烧伤、冲击伤和烧冲复合伤大鼠肺微血管超微结构病变

为进一步研究烧冲复合伤时肺脏病变的特点，我们制备了大鼠重度冲击伤、１５／ＩＩＩ度烧伤和烧冲复合伤模型，对肺脏微血管的病理变化进行光镜、电镜观察和超微结构定量分析。结果表明，烧伤时肺脏病变主要是肺毛细血管超微结构发生损伤，病变程度较轻。冲击伤和烧冲复合伤时肺微血管损伤均很明显，尤以后者为重，表现为肺水肿增加，血管病变突出，包括小动脉壁结构松散，毛细血管内皮细胞高度肿胀，管腔变窄，血管内大量中性粒细胞聚集等，且病变恢复较慢。提示：上述伤情时微血管损伤是肺脏病变中的主要变化，在防治中应予特别注意。

Ultrastructural changes in pulmonary microvascular damage in rats inflicted with burn,blast and combined burn-blast injury

The pathological changes in pulmonary microvasculature in rats inflicted with overpressure blast,15% third degree burns and combined burn-blast injury,respectively,were studied with electron microscopy and ultrastructural morphometry.Results indicated that the pathological changes in pulmonary microvasculature in 15% third degree burns were slight,and mainly restricted to ultrastructural level.While in severe blast and burn-blast injuries,the damage of pulmonary microvasculature including endothelial swelling and regeneration and dispersal of arteriole wall structure,was prominent.These changes form the basis of pulmonary hemorrhage and edema.Apart from vessel structural damages,arteriole constriction and capillary closure were also observed during 2 to 4 h postinjury.The vessel damage and dysfunction were more severe in combined injury than in blast injury alone.The mechanisms needed to be studied further.