微量元素养分平衡剂对甘草生长、生理特性以及有效成分含量的影响

目的:研究微量元素养分平衡剂对一年生甘草各项生长指标和生理指标以及主要有效成分甘草苷和甘草酸含量的影响.方法:分别对生长在内蒙古赤峰中药材种植基地和北京中医药大学药用植物园的大田甘草进行2次施肥.采用LI-6400光合仪测定其光合生理指标以及植物生理学常规方法进行甘草叶片色素和抗氧化酶活性的测定.使用HPLC测定甘草根中甘草苷和甘草酸的含量.结果:该微量元素养分平衡剂的施加对甘草株高,叶绿素a,叶绿素b等叶片色素,净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间C02浓度(Ci)等光合生理指标以及地上鲜重和根干重均有显著的促进作用.并且与对照(CK)相比,微肥300倍(T1)和微肥600倍(T2)均显著促进甘草酸含量的增加,分别增加了24.72%,20.23%,各处理间差异显著(P＜0.05).结论:微量元素养分平衡剂可以促进甘草生长、生理和有效成分含量的提高,其中微肥300倍的效果优于600倍.

Effect of Tongfeng trace elements nutrient balance agent on growth, physiological characteristics and content of active constituents of Glycyrrhiza uralensis

Objective : To investigate the effects of Tongfeng trace elements nutrient balance agent on the various growth indicators, physiological indicators, and the contents of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid in one-year old Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Method : The plants of G. uralensis growing in Chifeng of Inner Mongolia and medicinal garden of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were fertilized for two times, respectively. The photosynthetic physiological indicators were measured by LI-6400 photosynthetic instrument. The pigments and antioxidase activities of the leaves were determined. Then contents of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid in the plants were determined by HPLC. Result : The application of this trace element nutrient balance agent could significantly improve the height, chla and chlb, and the photosynthetic physiology indicator such as P_n, C_i, and G_s. Similarly, it could significantly increase the fresh weight of shoots and dry weight of the roots. Compared with control block (CK), the fertilizer which was diluted by 300 times (T₁) and 600 times (T₂) significantly increased the content of glycyrrhizic acid by 24.72% and 20.23%. There was significant difference between different treatments (P<0.05). Conclusion : The Tongfeng trace elements nutrient balance agent could promote growth, physiology and the content of active constituents of G. uralensis, especially the effect of T₁ was superior to T₂.