变应性鼻炎豚鼠模型上下气道炎症一致性研究

目的通过鼻致敏豚鼠模型抗原激发后上下气道炎症反应测定来研究上下气道的炎症一致性。方法 Hartley系雄性豚鼠,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组10只。用卵清蛋白（ovalbumin,OVA）制备鼻致敏豚鼠模型,OVA滴鼻激发。通过上下呼吸道行为学观察;鼻灌洗液（nasal lavage fluid,NLF）及肺灌洗液（bronchoalveolarlavage fluid,BALF）的细胞分类;酶联免疫吸附实验（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）检测外周血、NLF及BALF中嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白（eosinophilcationic protein,ECP）、OVA特异性免疫球蛋白（OVA-SIgE）、白细胞介素-5（interleukin-5,IL-5）浓度;鼻黏膜及支气管黏膜病理组织HE染色,计算嗜酸细胞（eosinophils,Eos）浸润程度。结果①实验动物滴鼻激发后,实验组均出现典型的鼻部症状及呼吸频率改变,实验组的行为学评分和呼吸频率与对照组比较,有统计学差别（P〈0.01）。②外周血、NLF和BALF中,实验组OVA-sIgE、ECP和IL-5与各自对照组比较,其差别均有统计学差别（P均〈0.05）;实验组NLF和BALF中,OVA-SIgE和ECP含量比较,其差别有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）,但IL-5含量比较,差别无统计学意义（P=0.770）。③实验组NLF和BALF中淋巴细胞和Eos计数同对照组比较,有显著性统计学差别（P分别为0.000和0.002）;实验组NLF和BALF的淋巴细胞和Eos计数比较,有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。④实验组下鼻甲黏膜、支气管黏膜和肺组织内Eos计数,与对照组比较,有显著性统计学意义（P〈0.01）;实验组的下鼻甲黏膜、支气管黏膜和肺组织黏膜Eos计数相比较,差别有显著性统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论上下呼吸道炎症反应具有一致性,且上呼吸道变应性炎症较下呼吸道明显。

Consistent inflammation between upper and lower airway on allergic rhinitis model in guinea pigs

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the consistent inflammation between upper and lower respiratory using a guinea pig model of ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis.METHODS Twenty male Hartley guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups（ovalbumin challenged group and control group）.Typical symptoms of allergic rhinitis and asthma were recorded.The respiration rates after challenging were also measured.Eosinophil inflammation in nose and lung was assessed by cytological analysis with nasal and broncheoalveolar lavage fluid and by mucosa histology.The contents of ovalbumin-special immunogloblin-E（OVA-sIgE）,eosinophil cationic protein（ECP）,and interleukin-5（IL-5）were checked with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in blood,nasal lavage fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.RESULTS In the experimental group,the scores of symptoms of allergic rhinitis and the respiratory rate were increased after challenged compared with the control groups（P0.01）.Eosinophil inflammation was more obvious in experiment group by cytological analysis with nasal and broncheoalveolar lavage and mucosa histology.Meanwhile,Eosinophil inflammation was more obvious in upper airway than in lower airway in experiment group.Those differences had statistical significance.The contents of OVAsIgE,ECP and IL-5 were increased in blood,nasal and broncheoalveolar lavage in experiment groups.That increase tendency was similarly showed in upper airway compaired with lower airway in experiment groups,except for IL-5.CONCLUSION The upper and lower airway inflammatory response has the feature of consistency,meanwhile allergy inflammation maybe more significant in the upper airway than that in the lower airway.