南昌市办公场所吸烟与二手烟暴露现况调查

目的了解南昌市办公场所吸烟和二手烟暴露情况,为政府决策提供依据,促进"无烟工作场所"立法。方法采用现场观察,问卷拦截调查和对工作场所空气中PM2.5浓度进行监测等方法,分析南昌市办公场所吸烟和二手烟暴露情况。结果现场观察了29家办公场所,禁烟场所2家,16家场所划分了吸烟区和非吸烟区;全面禁烟场所吸烟现象比例在(10,50]的分布为50%。被调查工作人员中,有51.9%在工作单位受到二手烟的侵害;有60.7%的吸烟者在工作场所的非吸烟区内吸烟,工作人员劝阻率仅为5.9%。全面禁烟的场所,其空气中PM2.5的平均浓度为49.7μg/m3,而部分禁烟场所和不禁烟场所空气中PM2.5的平均浓度分别为67.6μg/m3和66.0μg/m3。结论南昌市办公场所吸烟现象严重,二手烟暴露率高,禁烟措施不完善,控烟执行力度不够。需要加强对吸烟者吸烟和二手烟危害的宣传教育,同时出台相应的"无烟工作场所"地方法规。

Survey on the current status of smoking and Second-Hand smoking exposure in Work places in Nanchang

OBJECTIVE To explore the current status of smoking and Second-Hand smoking exposure in work places in Nanchang City,provide evidence for policy-making,and to promote enacting’Non-smoking workplace’legislation.METHODS Field observation,questionnaire survey and the TSI Side Pak was used to measure indoor air PM2.5 level in workplaces.RESULTS Field observation was conducted among 29 work places,of which 2 were smoke-free places regulated by the ordinance,16 had established smoking areas and No-smoking areas;In the smoke-free places,the percentage of smoking phenomenon ratio in(10,50]was 50%.Among the survey workers,the general passive smoking rate was 51.9%;60.7% of smokers smoked in the no-smoking areas,and the percentage of worker’s discourage rate was only 5.9%.The average indoor air PM2.5 level was 49.7 μg/m3 in work places with complete smoke free policies,67.6μg/m3 in work places with partial smoke free policies,66.0μg/m3 in work places with no rules or restrictions on smoking.CONCLUSION The smoking phenomenon in the work places in Nanchang City was seriously,and the rate of Second-Hand smoking exposure to high.Anti-smoking measures was imperfect,and the charged with smoke was not sufficient.Need to enhance smoker’s awareness of the harm of smoking and Second-Hand smoking,and enter corresponding"Non-smoking workplace"local code and legislation.