广东省消除恶性疟后期监测和防治措施的效果评价

目的对1989年广东省消除恶性疟后期防治措施和监测效果进行评价。方法 1989～2009年广东省消除恶性疟后期所采取的防治措施和监测方法包括:疟疾病例的侦查和分类、现症病人治疗、疫点的处理、居民带虫率调查和防治措施的落实。结果广东省1989～2009年疟疾监测中,共血检12557305人,检出疟原虫阳性人数109706人,阳性率为0.87%。全省治疗有疟史病人76718人次,流行季节预防服药2381893人次,现症病人治疗96788人次,室内滞留喷洒受保护人口2400余万人次,药物浸帐保护人口934余万人次。1989年全省的疟疾发病率为0.58/万,1990～1999年平均年发病率为0.64/万,2000～2009年平均年发病率下降至仅为0.04/万,而且20年没有发现本地感染的恶性疟。结论所采取对传染源控制和传播媒介防制的方法和策略是可以阻断疟疾传播的,特别是没有发现本地感染的恶性疟病例,也没有出现输入性恶性疟的继发病例。

Evaluation on the effectiveness of control strategy and surveillance after elimination of plasmodium falciparum in Guangdong Province

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the surveillance effect and control measures after eliminating plasmodium falciparum in Guangdong Province since 1989.METHODS The applied surveillance methods and control measures in 1989-2009 after eliminating plasmodium falciparum in Guangdong Province included investigation and classification on malaria cases,treatment for current patients,management of epidemic focuses,survey on the parasite rate of inhabitants and implementation of control measures.RESULTS For the malaria surveillance of 1989-2009 in Guangdong Province,12 557 305 persons received blood examination and 109 706 were found plasmodium positive,with a positive rate of 0.87%.There were 76 718 persons with malaria history got treatment,2 381 893 persons with preventive medicine-taking in epidemic seasons,96 788 persons of treatment as current patients,over 24 million persons as the protected crowds for indoor residual spray and 9.34 million persons as protected population for mosquito net soaking with medicine.The malaria incidence was 0.58/million in 1989.The annual malaria incidence in 1990-1999 was 0.64/million.And the annual malaria incidence dropped to 0.04/million in 2000-2009.The local case of plasmodium falciparum was not found in 1989-2009.CONCLUSION The methods and strategy applied to infectious source and vector control can block malaria transmission,no locally infected malignant malaria cases are found in the surveillance period and no secondary cases of imported malignant malaria are found either.