基本职业卫生服务试点工作中服务模式的探讨

目的对国内外基本卫生服务模式进行对比研究,探索在我国经济发展水平不同的地区,与本地情况相适应的基本职业卫生服务工作模式。方法通过对西方经济发达国家及发展中国家在基本职业卫生服务方面的探索和经验的研究,结合我国近几年在试点工作方面的经验,寻求适合我国具体国情的基本职业卫生服务的主要几种模式。结果①在各主要经济发达国家其基本卫生服务已经可以覆盖绝大多数职业人群。②在部分发展中国家也通过采取与初级卫生保健相结合,协调发展的模式,有效提高了职业人群基本职业卫生服务覆盖率。③我国在基本职业卫生服务试点工作中,取得了一定的经验,但也发现存在着一些问题。结论我国应结合各地经济发展的水平,根据本辖区企业的规模、行业特点、存在的主要职业危害因素来制定符合本地情况的基本职业卫生服务模式,重点解决当地最主要的基本职业卫生问题,促进我国职业卫生工作的进一步开展。

Discussion on the service model in basic occupational health services

OBJECTIVE To compare the basic health service model at home and abroad,and explore the best basic occupational health services in different areas with different economic status.METHODS By exploring the experience of basic occupational health services in western developed countries and developing countries,we found several basic occupational health service models for China with the experience in occupational health.RESULTS ① In the major developed countries,the basic health services have covered most occupational groups.② In the emerging economies and some developing countries,the coverage of basic occupational health services has greatly improved by combination primary health care development of the model.③ We have gained some experience in the pilot basic occupational health services,also achieved some experience,and found some problems.CONCLUSION The country should solve basic occupational health services by combing with the level of economic development,according to the area the size of existing enterprises,industry characteristics and the main occupational risk factors,and promote further development of occupational health work.