柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。

Effect of Lemon Essential Oil on Periodontal Pathogens

Objective: To investigate effects of lemon essential oil (LEO) on the growth and adherence of periodontal pathogens. Methods: Microplate dilution assays were performed to determine the antibacterial effect of LEO on Prophyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), A.actinomycetemcomitan (Aa), and P.intermedius (Pi). MTT method was employed to study the cytotoxic activity of LEO on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results: The LEO exhibited moderate antibacterial activity on Pg and Pi (Minimum inhibitory concentration: MIC =9mg/mL) and strong antibacterial activity on Fn and Aa (MIC= 4.5mg/mL). The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 9.0mg/mL (Fn and Aa). LEO showed no killing effect on Pg and Pi. The LEO’s concentration (<1/200 MIC) revealed no toxicity on HUVECs. Conclusion: LEO has a great potential to be used to treat periodontitis.