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目的了解北京地区门诊儿童急性呼吸道感染的病毒病原学特点。方法 2010年3月至2011年2月在北京儿童医院门诊就诊的急性呼吸道感染患儿540例,每例患儿采集咽拭子标本1份。采用多重PCR试剂检测常见呼吸道病毒核酸,包括呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)A、B型,鼻病毒(RV),副流感病毒(PIV)1～4型,流感病毒(IFV)甲、乙型,腺病毒(ADV),人偏肺病毒(HMPV),人冠状病毒(HCoV),人博卡病毒(HBoV)及肠道病毒(EV)。结果 540例门诊采集的急性呼吸道感染患儿的咽拭子标本中,306例检出至少1种病毒,总阳性率56.7%。其中33例检出2种病毒,1例检出3种病毒,混合感染率为6.3%。各种病毒中,IFV检出率最高占16.7%,其次是ADV(12.8%),EV(7.8%),PIV(7.2%),。IFV中以甲型IFV为主(占95.6%),PIV中以PIV3型为主(占66.7%),RSV检出以RSVA型为主,占79.3%。结论病毒是引起儿童急性呼吸道感染的重要病原,北京儿童医院急性呼吸道感染的主要病毒病原是IFV、ADV、EV、PIV。

Study of viral etiology of acute respiratory tract infection among pediatric outpatients in Beijing

Objective To investigate the viral pathogens among pediatric outpatients with acute respiratory tract infection in Beijing area. Methods From March 2010 to February 2011,540 pediatric outpatients with acute respiratory tract infection were involved in our study. One throat swab specimen was collected from each patient. Multiplex polymerase chain reactions were performed to detect respiratory viruses,including respiratory syncytial virus ( RSV ) type A and B,rhinovirus ( RV ), influzenza virus ( IFV ) type A and B,parainfluenza virus ( PIV ) type 1-4,adenovirus ( ADV ), enterovirus ( EV ), human coronavirus ( HCoV ), human metapneumonia virus ( MPV ) and human bocavirus ( HBoV ) . Results At least one viral pathogen was detected in 306 out of 540 patients and the overall positive rate was 56.7%. Two or more viruses were identified in 34 cases and the mixed infection rate was 6.3%. IFV ( 16.7% ) was the most prevalent virus,followed by ADV ( 12.8% ), EV ( 7.8% ), PIV ( 7.2% ), RSV ( 5.4% ), HMPV ( 5.0% ), RV ( 4.3% ), HCoV ( 3.0% ) and HBoV infection ( 0.9% ) . The most predominant type of IFV,PIV and RSV were IFVA,PIV3 and RSVA respectively. Conclusions Viruses play an important role in respiratory tract infection in children. IFV,ADV,EV and PIV are the most important viral pathogens in pediatric outpatients with acute respiratory tract infection in Beijing area.