高胆固醇、高血压对大鼠脑动脉内皮糖萼的作用

目的分别给易卒中型肾血管性高血压大鼠、正常血压大鼠饲以高脂饲料6周和16周，在电镜下观察其脑动脉内皮糖萼的变化。结果高胆固醇可引起大鼠颈内动脉、大脑中动脉内皮糖萼变薄、分布不均匀，常伴缺失、结块现象，且高胆固醇时间越久、损害越严重。高血压也可引起大鼠大脑中动脉内皮糖萼同样的改变。这在增加脑血管的通透性，促进脂质的沉积和动脉粥样硬化的形成中可能起重要作用。

Effect of High Cholesterol and Hypertension on Endothelial Glycocalyx of Cerebral Vessels in Rats

Methods: 20 Stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats (RHRSPs), 16 male Sprague-Dawley rats (SDRs) were feeded on a high fat cholesterol (HFC) diet while 12 male SDRs were still feeded on the normal granular diet. One half of the rats in each group were feeded for 6 weeks, another half of the rats were feeded for 16 weeks. then the changes of en- dothelial glycocalyx of cerebral vessels under transmission electron microscope were observed. Results: We found that a high total serum cholesterol (TSC) could spoil the endothelial glycocalyx of internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery. The glycocalyx showed irregular distribution, loss, clump and became thin. The longer the time of the HFC diet was feeded. the more severe the injury in glycocalyx was. Hypertension could harm the glycocalyx of middle cerebral arteries in rats in the same way. These changes may take an important part in increased permeabililty of cerebral vessels and facilitation of fat de- posits and atherogenesis.