牵引成骨修复人工腭裂的远期效果和对颌面部的影响

目的观察持续弹力牵引成骨技术修复人工腭裂的远期效果和对颌面部结构的影响.方法采用6个月龄杂种犬制备腭裂模型,以腭裂牵引器牵引两侧切骨后的腭骨板修复腭裂,达到预期效果后,继续饲养至12个月龄.观察治疗效果,采用头颅测量方法进行测量和统计学分析.结果牵引治疗期间实验组裂隙逐渐缩小,2～3周裂隙后部关闭.观察期间无复裂、呼吸道狭窄等并发症.实验组腭骨水平板长度明显大于对照组,平均延长4.75 mm,差异有非常显著性意义(P＜0.01);两组动物面长度、高度、宽度、腭骨水平板宽度和垂直板间距差异均无显著性意义.结论应用持续弹力牵引成骨修复腭裂疗效稳定,对颌面部结构无明显影响.腭裂牵引器设计合理,在牵引腭骨板成骨的同时,具有稳定上颌骨的功能.

Long-term effects and influence on facial structure of palatal distraction

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new palatoplasty with persistent elastic distraction osteogenesis. Methods Twenty mongrel dog aged in 6 month were divided into two groups: the control (n=10) and the experimental group (n=10). The cleft palate model was made surgically in experimental dogs. The hard palate clefts were repaired with persistent elastic distraction osteogenesis. Then the animals were observed for an additional 12 weeks before sacrifice. Direct measurements was taken on dry skulls of the dogs and the data were analyzed statistically. Results For all experimental dogs, the clefts were closed after gradual distraction. No relapse and airway blocking occurred in observational period.There were no significant differences in the variables of facial length, height and width between the two groups (P>0 05).The length of horizontal portion of hard palate in experimental group was significantly longer than that in the control (P<0 01). Conclusion There was no complication and disturbance on maxillofacial structure in repairing cleft palate with persistent elastic distraction osteogenesis. It is an effective and safe technique for repairing cleft palate in animal model.;