雌激素受体基因多态性与女性雌激素相关肿瘤发病风险的关系

  雌激素受体（ER）存在两种亚型雌激素受体α（ERα）与雌激素受体β（ERβ），是一种能与雌激素（E）特异性结合的糖蛋白，广泛分布于体内多个器官与组织中，其中女性生殖系统与乳腺被认为是E作用的经典靶组织。研究发现，ER基因多态性与女性生殖系统肿瘤及乳腺癌的发生有关。文章从ER的分子结构、功能、作用方式、基因多态性以及与女性生殖系统肿瘤及乳腺癌的关系进行综述。

Estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms and risk of women''s malignant tumor related to estrogen

Estrogen receptors (ER) has two subtype alpha and beta. It is a kind of glycoprotein which can bond to estrogen (E ). They distribute all kinds of organs and tissues, especially in procreation organs and breast tissue. Study showed that estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms had been associated with the risk of carcinogenesis of endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and breast cancer. We reviewed the molecule structure, function, gene polymorphisms of ER, and the relationship with endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and breast cancer.