Desmin‐related myopathy |
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Authors: | KY van Spaendonck‐Zwarts L van Hessem JDH Jongbloed HEK de Walle Y Capetanaki AJ van der Kooi IM van Langen MP van den Berg JP van Tintelen |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;2. EUROCAT Registration of Congenital Anomalies, Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;3. Cell Biology Division, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece;4. Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;5. Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | van Spaendonck‐Zwarts KY, van Hessem L, Jongbloed JDH, de Walle HEK, Capetanaki Y, van der Kooi AJ, van Langen IM, van den Berg MP, van Tintelen JP. Desmin‐related myopathy. Desmin‐related myopathy (DRM) is an autosomally inherited skeletal and cardiac myopathy, mainly caused by dominant mutations in the desmin gene (DES). We provide (i) a literature review on DRM, including clinical manifestations, inheritance, molecular genetics, myopathology and management and (ii) a meta‐analysis of reported DES mutation carriers, focusing on their clinical characteristics and potential genotype–phenotype correlations. Meta‐analysis: DES mutation carriers (n = 159) with 40 different mutations were included. Neurological signs were present in 74% and cardiological signs in 74% of carriers (both neurological and cardiological signs in 49%, isolated neurological signs in 22%, and isolated cardiological signs in 22%). More than 70% of carriers exhibited myopathy or muscular weakness, with normal creatine kinase levels present in one third of them. Up to 50% of carriers had cardiomyopathy and around 60% had cardiac conduction disease or arrhythmias, with atrioventricular block as an important hallmark. Symptoms generally started during the 30s; a quarter of carriers died at a mean age of 49 years. Sudden cardiac death occurred in two patients with a pacemaker, suggesting a ventricular tachyarrhythmia as cause of death. The majority of DES mutations were missense mutations, mostly located in the 2B domain. Mutations in the 2B domain were predominant in patients with an isolated neurological phenotype, whereas head and tail domain mutations were predominant in patients with an isolated cardiological phenotype. |
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Keywords: | cardiomyopathy cardiac‐phenotype desmin mutation myopathy |
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