fNIRI技术对汉语阅读障碍儿童工作记忆的研究

目的探讨汉语阅读障碍(RD)儿童工作记忆的脑功能活动特点。方法采用功能性近红外光学成像穴fNIRI雪技术,观测24例儿童(RD组和正常对照组各12例)在系列数字加法测验加工过程中,不同波长下左前额皮层区局部血流量(rCBV)和血氧的变化的差异。结果实时记录结果显示,①RD组儿童各年级的测验成绩显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01);②在完成深、浅加工过程中,两组儿童左前额叶各个区域的血流量均呈增加趋势,并且深加工的血流量增加量均显著大于浅加工水平(P<0.01);③两组儿童在完成深、浅加工时,其左前额叶不同检测区域的激活强度均依次为2>3>1>4。与对照组相比,RD儿童的激活范围和强度均明显减弱(P<0.01)。结论左前额叶参与儿童工作记忆的加工作业;RD儿童存在短时记忆信息处理能力的缺陷;RD儿童可能存在脑局部血流代谢异常和脑功能障碍;fNIRI技术在汉语RD儿童大脑高级认知研究中具有重要的应用价值。

Study on Working Memory of Children with Chinese Reading Dyslexia by fNIRI

Objective To explore the characteristics of brain activity of working memory in children with Chinese reading dyslexia. Methods The functional near-infrared imaging(fNIRI) technique was adopted for study the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,while the subjects were doing paced serial addition test. In 12 children with Chinese reading dyslexia(RD group) and 12 aged-matched healthy children(control group),the regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and the changes of cerebral activation intensity were determined during paced serial addition test (PSAT) accessed with functional near infrared imaging (fNIRI) technique. Results It was showed that the scores of PSAT of dyslexia children in RD group were significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.01).The activation intensity and range of the left prefrontal cortex in the control group were significantly greater than those of dyslexia children(P<0.01).Conclusion It suggests that the children with Chinese reading dyslexia have weakened rCBV and fNIRI is useful for exploring the cerebral functioning in Chinese reading dyslexia children.