某新建大型H型钢生产线转炉工程职业病危害及关键控制点

目的通过对某大型H型钢转炉工程产生的职业病危害因素进行识别、分析，提出职业病危害的关键控制点和防护的特殊要求。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查和职业病危害因素检测检验方法。结果该建设项目存在的主要职业病危害因素有：粉尘，化学有毒物质（CO、CO2、SO2、NO、NO2、MnO2、氟化物），物理因素（噪声、高温、热辐射、工频电场）和电离辐射（^137℃s）。工作场所中共检测24个岗位的粉尘浓度，其中有11个岗位不合格，超标率为45．8％；共检测42个作业点的噪声强度，10个点超标，超标率23．8％；各化学有毒物质、工频电场及电离辐射等经检测均符合国家职业卫生标准。通过现场职业卫生调查及现场检测综合分析得知，粉尘、噪声、一氧化碳、高温和电离辐射的存在部位是该项目职业病危害的关键控制点。结论大型H型钢转炉工程存在的职业病危害因素比较复杂，应从职业病危害发生的关键控制部位加强防治工作，采取切实可行的防护设施或措施，尤其应重视对粉尘、噪声、一氧化碳、高温和电离辐射的防护。

Occupational hazards and Critical Control Point of Converter Steelmaking Project in A New Large-scale H Shaped Steel Production Line

[ Objective ] Through identification and analysis on occupational hazards of the large H shaped steel converter steelmaking project, to put forward the critical control points of the occupational hazards and special requirements of protection. [ Methods] Field investigation of occupational health and detection of occupational hazards were applied. [ Results] The main occupational hazards that existed in the converter steelmaking project were dust, chemical toxic substances （ CO, CO2, SO2, NO, NO2 , MnO2 and fluorid ） , physical factors （ noise, high temperature, thermal radiation, power frequency electric field） and ionizing radiation 1137 Cs） . The dust concentrations were detected in 24 work sites, and among which 11 sites （45.8% ） were not qualified; the noise was tested in 42 work sites, and 10 sites （ 23.8% ） did not meet national standards; toxic substances, power frequency electric field and ionizing radiation in the workplace all met the requirements of national standards. Comprehensive analysis on field investigation and detection of occupational hazards showed that the work sites where existed dust, noise, carbon monoxide, high temperature and ionizing radia- tion were the critical control points of the occupational hazards in the converter steelmaking project. [ Conclusion] The occupational hazards were complex in the converter steelmaking project, and some measures should be strengthened to control them on the key control points that the occupational hazards occurred. Feasible protective facilities and measures should be taken to decrease occupa- tional hazards, especially dust, noise, carbon monoxide, high temperature and ionizing radiation.