河南省哮喘发病及控制状态的流行病学调查

目的探讨河南省支气管哮喘的流行现状，评估当地哮喘的控制状态。方法采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样法，于2010年1—6月抽取河南省5000户住户，19878人。组织、培训专业调查组，采用调查问卷方法进行人户调查，对哮喘患者进行详细问卷调查，利用哮喘控制评分（ACT）评估疾病控制状态。结果全省共回收有效问卷19861份，其中哮喘患者145例，患病率为（0．73±0．12）％，男女患病比为1．3：1。城市居民哮喘患病率为（1．10±0．23）％，农村患病率为（0．48±0．12）％，两者比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=25．13，P〈0．01）。患者中规律药物治疗者仅占35．86％（52例）。经ACT评估，规律治疗患者完全控制者占38．46％（20／52），未接受规律治疗患者完全控制者占30．11％（28／93），两者比较差异无统计学意义（X^2=1．05，t9〉0．05）。结论河南省哮喘总体患病率较低。大部分患者未接受规律的治疗．并且治疗方案疗效总体欠佳。

Asthma prevalence in Henan Province and assessment of the status of disease control

Objective To investigate the prevalence of bronchial asthma in Henan Province and to assess the management of asthma. Methods A stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to sample 5 000 households, including about 20 000 people. Professional investigators were trained to carry out the house- hold survey with a detailed questionnaire for patients with asthma. Asthma control score（ACT） was used to evalu- ate the status of asthma control. Results A total of 19 861 valid questionnaires were collected, 145 cases were diagnosed as asthma, and the prevalence rate was （0.73 ± 0.12）%, and the prevalence ratio of male to female was 1.3：1. The prevalence of asthma in urban area was（1.10 ± 0.23）% and （0.48 ± 0.12）% in rural area, with a statistically significant difference between them（X^2 =25.13, P〈0.01 ）. Only 35.86% （52 cases） of asthma patients followed drug protocol on a regular basis. The ACT assessment showed that the rate of asthma under control was 38.46% （20/52） in patients receiving regular drug treatment and 30.11% （28/93） in patients who did not take pills regularly, without a significant difference between them （X^2=1.05 ,P〉0.05 ）. Conclusions The overall prevalence of asthma in Henan Province is relatively low, but most of the patients do not receive regular treatment, and the effect of treatment is poor.