日本国膳食与癌症和非传染性疾病死亡率之间的关系

目的L：为了评价膳食因素对癌症和非传染性疾病的影响。方法：通过收集日本国家营养调查和国民健康的相关资料。分析不同食品消费与癌症和非传染性疾病之间的相关关系。结果：研究发现谷类食物，植物性能量和植物性蛋白的摄入与癌症，心脏病，糖尿病的死亡率均显示了有意义的负相关；其中，分别与男女肺癌，结肠癌和男性直肠癌，肝癌和前列腺癌及女性的乳房癌呈有意义的负相关，但与男女的男癌呈有意义的正相关，而动物性食物，动物性能量，动物性蛋白和脂肪的摄入与癌症，心脏病和糖尿病死亡率之间均具有较强的正相关；其中，分别与男女的肺癌，结肠癌和男性直肠癌，肝癌及女性的乳房癌呈正相关。相反与男女的胃癌和女性的食管癌，肝癌，子宫癌呈较强的负相关，蔬菜和水果和消费与胃癌死亡率显示了较弱的负相关。结论：研究结果认为膳食因素不仅可增加某些癌症和慢性疾病的危险性。而且也具有一定的预防保健作用。因此，强调平衡膳食对预防癌症和非传染性疾病是极为重要的。

The Relationship between Diet and Mortality of Cancer and Non-communicable Disease in Japan

Objective: To evaluate the effects of dietary factors on cancer and non-communicable diseases. Methods: A correlation analysis between the consumption of various indicator food and mortality rates of cancer or non-communicable diseases was conducted by collecting secondary data from national nutrition surveys in Japan. Results: The consumption of cereal foods, plant energy and plant protein showed a significant negative correlation with mortality of cancer, heart diseases and diabetes; negatively related to the lung cancer and colon cancer in both sexes; a strong negative correlation with mortality of rectum cancer, liver cancer and prostate cancer in males, and of breast cancer in females; and a significant positive correlation with the stomach cancer in both sexes. The consumption of animal foods, animal energy, animal protein and fat showed a strong positive correlation with cancer, heart diseases and diabetes; a positive relations to lung cancer and colon cancer in both sexes, and rectum cancer, liver cancer and prostate cancer in males and breast cancer in females. On the contrary, a strong negative correlation was found in stomach cancer in both sexes; and esophagus cancer, liver cancer and uterus cancer in females. The consumption of vegetables and fruits showed a weak negative correlation with stomach cancer. Conclusion : The results suggest that diet not only plays a significant role in increasing the risks of some kinds of cancer or non-communicable diseases but also has a preventive effect. It is very important that dietary balance should be emphasized to prevent cancer and non-com-municable diseases.