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Mechanical plasticity during oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination |
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| Authors: | Helena S. Domingues Andrea Cruz Jonah R. Chan João B. Relvas Boris Rubinstein Inês Mendes Pinto |
| Affiliation: | 1. International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory ‐ INL, Braga, Portugal;2. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America;3. Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular ‐ IBMC, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal;4. Instituto de Investiga??o e Inova??o em Saúde ‐ I3S, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal;5. Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America |
| Abstract: | In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells are exclusive in their potential to differentiate into myelinating oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells migrate within the parenchyma and extend cell membrane protrusions that ultimately evolve into myelinating sheaths able to wrap neuronal axons and significantly increase their electrical conductivity. The subcellular force generating mechanisms driving morphological and functional transformations during oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination remain elusive. In this review, we highlight the mechanical processes governing oligodendrocyte plasticity in a dynamic interaction with the extracellular matrix. |
| Keywords: | cytoskeleton myelination oligodendrocyte‐extracellular matrix feedback loops oligodendrocyte mechanics |