肺癌筛查中的问题和研究进展

肺癌是全球范围内死亡率最高的肿瘤,早期诊断对肺癌的预后至关重要。研究显示运用低剂量CT(LDCT)进行肺癌筛查可使肺癌的死亡率显著下降,因此肺癌筛查成为肿瘤防治方面的新热点。在关注LDCT效果的同时,其存在的问题亦不可忽视,如过高的假阳性率、高危人群和风险模型的确立、过度诊断、辐射效应等。就肺癌筛查存在的问题和研究进展进行综述。

Problems and research progress of lung cancer screening

Lung cancer has become the leading cause of cancer mortality globally. Early diagnosis is important for the good prognosis. Evidence has shown low-dose CT screening can significantly decrease the mortality of lung cancer , the lung cancer screening has become a new research focus recently. However, in spite of the advantage, there are still many problems in the screening, such as, high false-positive rates, problem in establishing accurate risk prediction model, overdiagnosis, and radiation exposure. We reviewed the existing problems and research development of lung cancer screening.