“政策之窗”开启的动力分析——以上海住院医师规范化培训制度为例

John Kingdon的＂政策之窗＂模型是一个聚焦政策形成过程的理论框架,本文以上海市住院医师规范化培训制度建设为例,分析该制度建设过程中的问题流、政策流及政治流,说明其＂政策之窗＂开启的动力来自于政策共同体针对问题流,研制政策办法,并与一定成熟的政治时机结合所形成的合力。上海市住院医师规范化培训制度的出台遵循＂政策之窗＂理论的基本原理和过程,诠释了该理论在卫生政策领域中的应用方式,为我国医改背景下卫生政策的理论和实践提供借鉴依据。

Analysis of the driving force to open a policy window: Taking the example of the formation process of the standardized system of resident training in Shanghai

John Kingdon’s "Policy Window" model is a theoretical framework focusing on policy formulation process.This paper took the formulation process of the standardized system of resident training in Shanghai as an example to analyze the problem stream,the policy stream and the politics stream in the process.And it made the conclusion that the driving forces to open a policy window was to integrate three streams,making the proposal to the policy issues at the right time of the political opportunity.The establishment of the standardized system of resident training in Shanghai followed the basic principles of the "Policy Window" theory,demonstrated the application of the theory in the health policy area,and provided a theoretical and practical references to health policy processes in the context of health reform in China.