城市社区空巢与非空巢老人卫生服务需要与利用比较——基于山东省济南市的抽样调查

目的：对城市社区空巢与非空巢老人卫生服务需要、利用进行比较,为制定相关卫生政策提供依据。方法：抽取济南市某社区60岁及以上空巢老人324名,非空巢老人210名,利用自制问卷进行调查。结果：空巢老人与非空巢老人两周患病率分别为62.0%和49.0%,差异具有统计学意义;空巢老人与非空巢老人慢性病患病率分别为84.3%和72.4%,差异具有统计学意义。空巢老人与非空巢老人两周就诊率分别为17.3%和21.4%,两周未就诊比例分别为38.2%和32.3%;经济困难是空巢老人应就诊未就诊的主要原因。空巢老人住院率为19.8%,应住院未住院比例为29.3%;非空巢老人住院率为14.8%,应住院未住院比例为19.5%,经济困难是空巢老人应住院未住院的最主要原因。结论：空巢老人卫生服务需要量高于非空巢老人,卫生服务利用率低于非空巢老人,经济困难是抑制该群体卫生服务利用的主要原因。

Comparison of health need and utilization between empty nest and non empty nest aging population in urban communities: A sample survey based on Jinan city

Objectives:Comparing health need and health utilization between empty-nest and non-empty-nest aging population in urban communities,so as to provide the evidence for health policy making.Methods:324 empty-nest and 210 non-empty-nest aged people were selected from some community of Jinan city,and were interviewed by self-making questionnaire.Results:Prevalence of 2 weeks sickness of empty-nest and non-empty-nest aged people were 62.0% and 49.0% respectively,and the difference was statistically significant.Prevalence of chronic disease was 84.3% and 72.4% respectively and also demonstrating significant difference.Two-week visiting rates and non-visiting rate for empty-nest aged people were 17.3% and 38.2%,while 21.4% and 32.3% for non-empty-nest aged people respectively.Regarding to two-week visiting rate,empty-nest aged people were slightly lower than non-empty-nest ones.However,the economic difficulties played the main role for non-visiting rate which should be consulted in terms of needs.Hospitalization rate for both empty-nest and non-empty-nest aged people were 19.8% and 29.3% respectively,and as for non-hospitalization rates,14.8% and 19.5%,respectively.The most important cause of empty-nest aged people who should be hospitalized but non-hospitalization was poor economic status.Conclusion:Empty-nest aged people had a higher health need than non-empty-nest aged people,but had a lower health service utilization rate than non-empty-nest aged people.The poor economic status was the key barrier to their health service utilization.