学龄前儿童乙肝疫苗预防效果的分析研究

目的:探讨学前儿童乙肝疫苗免疫接种的群防效果,找出薄弱环节,有针对性地指导乙肝预防工作。方法:抽取儿童静脉血2.5 m l,采用ELISA法对乙肝5项标志物进行检测。结果:15 879名儿童中,抗-HBs阳性儿童10 476例,阳性率65.97%;1997~2004年抗-HBs阳性率逐年上升;男、女抗-HBs阳性率分别为65.94%、66.01%,无显著差异;随年龄增长抗-HBs阳性率呈下降趋势,并呈1~2岁、4~5岁组双高峰现象。15 879名儿童中,HBsAg阳性儿童166例,阳性率为1.05%;8年来HBsAg阳性率呈下降趋势。结论:8年来,我市预防儿童HBV感染工作成效显著,儿童乙肝疫苗免疫接种对预防HBV感染至关重要;我们要加强宣传,进一步提高基础免疫接种率,重视乙肝疫苗的加强接种。

Study on analysis of preventive effect of hepatitis B vaccine in preschool children

Objective:To evaluate the effect of hepatitis B vaccine among preschool children for guiding hepatitis B prevention.Methods:The vein blood 2.5 ml of subjects were collected to measure the five marks of hepatitis B by ELISA.Results:Among total 15 879 cases,10 476 were positive of anti-HBs,the positive rate was 65.97%;furthermore the positive rate of anti-HBs rised gradually from 1997 to 2004;The positive rate of anti-HBs among girls and boys were respectively 65.94% and 66.01%(P>0.05);The rate of anti-HBs positive presented downward with children age increasing;There were two peaks in 1~2 year and 4~5 year group;Of 15 879 children,166 were positive of HBsAg,the positive rate was 1.05%;HBsAg positive rate presented the downward trend over the past eight years.Conclusion:Over the past eight years,the effect of preventing children from HBV infection is remarkable in Wuhan.It is important to prevent children from HBV infect through vaccine immunity inoculation;The basic immunity rate should be further propagated and improved to pay more attention to the hepatitis B vaccine inoculation enhancement.