河北保定市成年女性尿失禁的流行病学调查

目的调查保定市成年女性尿失禁(UI)的患病率及其相关影响因素。方法根据随机抽样原则,对2010年11月~2011年11月于保定市第三中心医院体检中心体检的年龄≥18岁的女性进行现场问卷调查。结果共获得有效问卷3 986份。调查结果显示,保定市成年女性UI患病率为26.39%(1 052/3 986),其中,以压力性尿失禁为主,其患病率为21.70%(865/3 986)。各类型尿失禁的患病率均随着年龄的增加而增加,绝经期后趋于稳定。χ2检验表明,成年女性尿失禁的影响因素是年龄、体重指数、重体力劳动、慢性盆腹痛、便秘、绝经、慢性咳嗽、慢性高血压病和生育史(P<0.05),2型糖尿病与成年女性尿失禁无关(P>0.05)。经阴道分娩与计划性剖宫产,以及梗阻性难产剖宫产与计划性剖宫产对压力性尿失禁的影响比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而经阴道分娩与梗阻性难产剖宫产对压力性尿失禁的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论保定市成年女性尿失禁患病率较高,且以压力性尿失禁为主。年龄、体重指数、重体力劳动、慢性盆腹痛、便秘、绝经、慢性咳嗽、慢性高血压病、生育史是保定市成年女性尿失禁发生的影响因素,而计划性剖宫产是压力性尿失禁的保护性因素。

Epidemiological survey of urinary incontinence among adult women in Baoding City of Hebei Province

Objective To investigate the prevalence of urinary incontinence（UI） among adult women in Baoding City and its relevant influencing factors.Methods Based on the principle of random sampling,women aged ≥ 18 years old who got physical examination in physical examination center of the third central hospital of Baoding City from November 2010 to November 2011 were given on-site questionnaire survey.Results A total of 3 986 valid questionnaires were collected.The survey results showed that the prevalence of urinary incontinence among adult women in Baoding City was 26.39%（1 052/ 3 986）,of which stress urinary incontinence accounted for the major 21.70%（865/3 986）.The prevalence of various types of urinary incontinence increased as the age and stabilized after the menopause.χ2 test showed that influencing factors of UI in adult women were age,BMI,heavy manual labor,chronic pelvic and abdominal pain,constipation,menopause,chronic cough,chronic hypertension and reproductive history（P〈0.05）,while type-2 diabetes were unrelated with adult female urinary incontinence（P〉0.05）.Comparison of vaginal delivery and planned cesarean section,obstructive dystocia cesarean section and planned cesarean section showed that their influences on stress urinary incontinence had statistically significant differences（P〈0.05）,but influences of vaginal delivery and obstructive dystocia cesarean section had no signif icantly significant difference（P〉0.05）.Conclusion The prevalence of urinary incontinence among adult women in Baoding City is high,and stress urinary incontinence is the major type.Age,BMI,heavy manual labor,chronic pelvic and abdominal pain,constipation,menopause,chronic cough,chronic hypertension and reproductive history are the factors influencing the occurrence of urinary incontinence among adult women in Baoding City.Planned cesarean section is a protective factor for stress urinary incontinence.